英美文学名词解释

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1、01.Humanism(人文主义)HumanismistheessenceoftheRenaissance.2>itemphasizesthedignityofhumanbeingsandtheimportanceofthepresentlife.Humanistsvoicedtheirbeliefsthatmanwasthecenteroftheuniverseandmandidnotonlyhavetherighttoenjoythebeautyofthepresentlife,buthadtheabilitytope

2、rfecthimselfandtoperformwonders.   02.Renaissance(文艺复兴) Theword“Renaissance”means“rebirth”,itmeantthereintroductionintowestermEuropeofthefullculturalheritageofGreeceandRome.2>theessenceoftheRenaissanceisHumanism.Attitudesandfeelingswhichhadbeencharacteristicofthe1

3、4th and15th centuriespersistedwelldownintotheeraofHumanismandreformation.3>therealmainstreamoftheenglishRenaissanceistheElizabethandramawithwilliamshakespearebeingtheleadingdramatist.   03.Metaphysicalpoetry(玄学派诗歌)Metaphysicalpoetryiscommonlyusedtonametheworkofthe

4、17th centurywriterswhowroteundertheinfluenceofJohnDonne.2>witharebelliousspirit,theMetaphysicalpoetstriedtobreakawayfromtheconventionalfashionoftheElizabethanlovepoetry.3>thedictionissimpleascomparedwiththatoftheElizabethanortheNeoclassicalperiods,andechoestheword

5、sandcadencesofcommonspeech.4>theimageryisdrawnfromactuallife.   04.Classism(古典主义)      Classismreferstoamovementortendencyinart,literature,ormusicthatreflectstheprinciplesmanifestedintheartofancientGreeceandRome.Classicismemphasizesthetraditionalandtheuniversal,an

6、dplacesvalueonreason,clarity,balance,andorder.Classicism,withitsconcernforreasonanduniversalthemes,istraditionallyopposedtoRomanticism,whichisconcernedwithemotionsandpersonalthemes.   05.Enlightenment(启蒙运动)Enlightenmentmovementwasaprogressivephilosophicalandartist

7、icmovementwhichflourishedinfranceandsweptthroughwesternEuropeinthe18th century.2>themovementwasafurtheranceoftheRenaissancefrom14th centurytothemid-17th century.3>itspurposewastoenlightenthewholeworldwiththelightofmodernphilosophicalandartisticideas.4>itcelebrated

8、reasonorrationality,equalityandscience.Itadvocateduniversaleducation.5>famousamongthegreatenlightenersinenglandwerethosegreatwriterslikeAlexanderpope.Jo