Instructor's Manual IMChap010

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1、Part3–PublicExpenditure:SocialInsuranceandIncomeMaintenanceChapter10–GovernmentandtheMarketforHealthCareBriefOutline1.PrivateHealthInsurancea.TheImplicitSubsidyforEmployer-ProvidedInsuranceb.TheAdvantagesofEmployer-ProvidedHealthInsurancec.EmployerProvidedHealthInsurancean

2、dJobLockd.CostControlandPrivateInsurance2.GovernmentProvisionofHealthInsurance:MedicareandMedicaida.Medicare:Overviewb.CostControlunderMedicarec.Medicare:ImpactsonSpendingandHealthd.Medicaid:Overviewe.Medicaid:ImpactsonHealth3.AffordableCareActof2010a.AlternativePathstoHea

3、lthCareReformb.SinglePayerApproachc.Market-OrientedApproachd.FinalThoughtsAnswerstoEnd-of-ChapterQuestions1.Oneexplanationdiscussedinthechapteristhattheshifttowardmanagedcareledtoaone-timedecreaseinexpenditures,butadvancesinmedicaltechnologycontinued,resultinginconcomitant

4、growthinexpenditures.ThisexplanationimpliesthatHMOshelpedpreventrisinghealthcarecostsduringthe1990s,buthavebeenunabletokeepcostslowduetorapidadvancesintechnology.ThestructureofHMOscreatesincentivesforhealthcareproviderstoskimponthequalityofcare.HMOsused“gagrules”thatprohib

5、itedphysiciansfromdiscussingtreatmentoptionsthatwerenotcoveredbytheplan,butgovernmentregulationhassincebannedthesegagrules,allowingpatientsgreateraccesstoinformation.Medicaltechnologycreatesnew,andoftenmoreexpensive,treatmentoptions,whichmanypatientsbelievetheyshouldhave.I

6、thasbecomeincreasinglydifficultforHMOstokeepcostsdownbydenyingmoreexpensivetreatmentoptions,especiallysincetheycannolongerpreventphysiciansfrominformingpatientsoftheseoptions.2.Increasingthepriceofmedicalcareshouldimprovetheefficiencyofhealthcareslightly.Oncepeoplebegintop

7、ayforthecaretheyreceive,theywillreducetheiruseofcare,increasingefficiency.Thecosttotheconsumerwillcomecloser,byasmallamount,totheactualcostofthecare,makingtheirdecisionsmoreefficient.3.Medicarecoversnearlytheentirepopulationaged65andolderandisnotmeanstested.About99percento

8、ftheeligiblepopulationchoosestoenrollinsupplementarymedicalinsurance(SMI),orPartBofMedica