人文地理AP_Human_Geography

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1、APHumanGeographyNotesGeneralGeography:USroadmapisnotathematicmapEverymeridianisthesamelengthandhasthesamebeginningandendAccordingtoenvironmentaldeterminism,thephysicalenvironmentcausessocialdevelopmentHighestdensity:mostinnumbersHighestconcentration:closesttogetherCloroplethmapusessh

2、adingFiveThemesofGeography:Location:RelativelocationAbsolutelocationPlace:HumanCharacteristicsPhysicalCharacteristicsHuman-EnvironmentalInteraction:HumansadapttotheenvironmentHumansmodifytheenvironmentHumansdependontheenvironmentMovementPeopleGoodsIdeasRegionsFormal(uniform)Functiona

3、l(nodal)Vernacular(perceptual)Culture:Customarybeliefs,socialforms,andmaterialtraitsofagroupofpeopleintraditionHearth:WhereanideaoriginatesAcculturation:ThespreadofculturaltraitsfromonesocietytoanotherGlobalizationofCulture:GlobalizationduetointerchangingbeliefsandcustomsGlobalizatio

4、nofEconomy:GlobalizationduetobusinessReferenceMaps:Regularmapsshowingcities,boundaries,mountains,orroadsThematicMaps:Mapshighlightingaparticularfeatureorasinglevariablesuchastemperature,city,size,oracreageinpotatoes(Givesextrainformation)IsolineMaps:Showlinesthatconnectpointsofequalv

5、alueIsolinesareontopographicmapsChoroplethMaps:Showthelevelofsomevariablewithinpredefinedregions,suchascounties,states,orcountriesDotMaps:UseadottorepresenttheoccurrenceofsomephenomenoninordertodepictvariationindensityinagivenareaCartograms:MapsthathavedistortedpopulationResolution:T

6、heamountofdetailsordepthofamapScale:Generally,therelationshipbetweentheportionofEarthbeingstudiedandEarthasawhole,specificallytherelationshipbetweenthesizeofanobjectonamapandthesizeoftheactualfeatureonEarth’ssurfaceThethreemaintypesofscalesareratio(fraction)scales,barscales,andwritte

7、nscalesSmallScale:Depictsalargearea(suchasthestateofArizona)butwithlessdetailLargeScale:Depictsasmallarea(suchasdowntownPhoenix)withgreatdetailCartography:ThescienceofmakingmapsProjection:ThesystemusedtotransferlocationsfromEarth’ssurfacetoaflatmapThemostcommontypeistheRobinsonProjec

8、tionHowever,