资产减值及处置【文献翻译】

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1、外文翻译原文AssetImpairmentandDisposalMaterialSource:http://www.journalofaccountancy.comAuthor:RANDALLW.LUECKEEXECUTIVESUMMARYTOESTABLISHASINGLEMODELBUSINESSESCANfollow,FASBissuedStatementno.144,AccountingfortheImpairmentorDisposalofLong-LivedAssets.FASBintendsittoresolveimplementationissuesthat

2、arosefromitspredecessor,Statementno.121,AccountingfortheImpairmentofLong-LivedAssetsandforLong-LivedAssetstoBeDisposedOf.IMPAIRMENTEXISTSWHENTHECARRYINGAMOUNTofalong-livedassetorassetgroupexceedsitsfairvalueandisnonrecoverable.CPAsshouldtestforimpairmentwhencertainchangesoccur,includingasi

3、gnificantdecreaseinthemarketpriceofalong-livedasset,achangeinhowthecompanyusesanassetorchangesinthebusinessclimatethatcouldaffecttheasset’svalue.FAIRVALUEISTHEAMOUNTANASSETCOULDbeboughtorsoldforinacurrenttransactionbetweenwillingparties.Quotedpricesinactivemarketsarethebestevidenceoffairva

4、lues.Becausemarketpricesarenotalwaysavailable,CPAsshouldbasefair-valueestimatesonthebestinformationavailableorusevaluationtechniquessuchastheexpected-present-valuemethodorthetraditional-present-valuemethod.WHENACOMPANYRECOGNIZESANIMPAIRMENTlossforanassetgroup,itmustallocatethelosstotheasse

5、tsinthegrouponaproratabasis.Itmustalsodiscloseinthenotestothefinancialstatementsadescriptionoftheimpairedassetandthefactsandcircumstancesleadingtotheimpairment.COMPANIESMUSTPRESENTLONG-LIVEDASSETSHELDforsaleseparatelyinthefinancialstatementsandnotoffsetthemagainstliabilities.Statementno.14

6、4requirescertaindisclosuresinthenotestothefinancialstatementsincludingthecircumstancesleadingtothedisposal,themannerandtimingandthegainorlossonsale.Formanyyears,companiesandotherentitiesaccountedforthedisposalorexpecteddisposaloflong-livedassetsthatwereasegmentofabusinessusingonesetofrules

7、andthedisposaloflong-livedassetsthatwerenotasegmentofabusinessusinganotherstandard.Toestablishasinglemodelforalllong-livedassets,FASBissuedStatementno.144,AccountingfortheImpairmentorDisposalofLong-LivedAssets.ThenewstandardsupersedesStatementno.121,Accounting