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1、外文翻译PrintingProcessesMaterialSource:http://springer.lib.tsinghua.edu.cn/content/u10j303213g520p0/Author:IanGibson；DavidW.RosenPrintingtechnologyhasbeenextensivelyinvestigated,withthemajorityofthatinvestigationhistoricallybaseduponapplicationstothetwo-dimensionalprintingindustry.Recently,however
2、,ithasspreadtonumerousnewapplicationareas,includingelectronicspackaging,optics,andadditivemanufacturing.Someoftheseapplications,infact,haveliterallytakenthetechnologyintoanewdimension.Theemploymentofprintingtechnologiesinthecreationofthree-dimensionalproductshasquicklybecomeanextremelypromising
3、manufacturingpractice,bothwidelystudiedandincreasinglywidelyused.Thischapterwillsummarizetheprintingachievementsmadeintheadditivemanufacturingindustryandinacademia.Thedevelopmentofprintingasaprocesstofabricate3Dpartsissummarized,followedbyasurveyofcommercialpolymerprintingmachines.Bothdirectpar
4、tprintingandbinderprintingtechnologiesareintroduced.Directprintingreferstoprocesseswhereallofthepartmaterialisdispensedfromaprinthead,whilebinderprintingreferstoabroadclassofprocesseswherebinderorotheradditiveisprintedontoapowderbedwhichformsthebulkofthepart.Someofthetechnicalchallengesofprinti
5、ngareintroduced;materialdevelopmentforprintingpolymers,metals,andceramicsisinvestigatedinsomedetail.Fromthetopicofpureprintingtechnologies,wemovetothethree-dimensionalbinderprintingprocess,wherebinderisprintedintoapowderbedtoformapart.7.1EvolutionofPrintingasanAdditiveManufacturingProcessTwodim
6、ensionalinkjetprintinghasbeeninexistencesincethe1960s,usedfordecadesasamethodofprintingdocumentsandimagesfromcomputersandotherdigitaldevices.Inkjetprintingisnowwidelyusedinthedesktopprintingindustry,commercializedbycompaniessuchasHPandCanon.Le[1]providesathoroughreviewofthehistoricaldevelopment
7、oftheinkjetprintingindustry.7.1.1HistoricalDevelopmentof3DPrintingPrintingasathree-dimensionalbuildingmethodwasfirstdemonstratedinthe1980swithpatentsrelatedtothedevelopmentofBallisticParticleManufacturing,whichinvolvedsimpledeposi
