企业竞争战略【文献翻译】

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1、外文翻译TheenterprisecompetitionstrategyMaterialSource:R&DManagement34，4，2004Author:WeiXieandStevenWhiteLenovo’sdevelopmentexperiencesuggestsseveralhypothesesregardingtherelationshipamonganewfirm’scompetitivestrategy,learningandcapabilitiesononehand,anditsperformanceinaparticularcompetitiveandinst

2、itutionalenvironmentontheother.First,thecaseclearlyillustratestheevolutionaryandpath-dependentnatureofcapabilitydevelopment.Ratherthanbeingaconstraint,however,Lenovo’scaseshowsthataninitialsetofresourcesandcapabilitiescansupportthedevelopmentofadditionalcomplementaryones.InLenovo’scase,thefoun

3、dersbenefitedintheearlydaysfromthespin-off’sexternallegitimacybasedonitsparent’sreputation.Inaddition,itspersonnelhadtechnicalexpertisethatcouldgeneraterevenuesfromdownstreamactivities–distribution,salesandservice;thesedidnotrequirescarcecapitalrequirements.Changesintheinstitutionalenvironment

4、alsoallowedthefounderstoundertakesuchactivities,althoughitalsocreatedconstraintsonitseffortsforundertakingothers(i.e.,manufacturing).GivenLenovo’sinitialresourcesandcapabilities,however,itisdoubtfulwhetheritcouldhavebecomeacompetitivePCmanufactureranyearlierthanitdid.Thecasealsosuggeststhatthe

5、motivationtolearnanddevelopnewcapabilitiesmayberelatedtothebackground,expertiseandvaluesofthefoundingmembers.WhileLenovo’sfoundersinitiallyestablishedasalesandservicefirm,theythemselveswereresearchersandengineersandalwayshadtheultimateobjectiveofmovingupstreamintomanufacturingandR&D.Suchmotiva

6、tionmaybejustascriticalafactorforafirmtodevelopnewcapabilitiesashavingtheopportunityandresources(financialandtechnical)todoso.Lenovo’scasealsoillustrateshowthenatureanddirectionoflearningevolvesinrelationshiptochangingenvironmentalfeaturesandthefirm’saccumulationofrelevantresourcesandcapabilit

7、ies.Hence,LenovobeganintheinitialMaophasebydirectingitsresourcestothesalesandserviceopportunitiesthatgeneratedrevenuesthatnotonlyfinanceditsentranceintomanufacturingduringthefollowingGongphase,butalsoprovidedanenduringcompetitiveadvanta