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1、[经典]青年急性心肌梗死的临床特点探讨青年急性心肌梗死的临床特点探讨[摘要]目的:探讨青年急性心肌梗死(AMI)的临床特点。方法:回顾性分析17例青年急性心肌梗死患者的危险因素及临床特点,并与同期随机抽取的40例老年AMI患者进行对比。结果:青年组中,男性、大量吸烟、酗酒、心血管家族史、精神压力大等诱因为主要发病危险因素(P〈0.05),胸痛症状典型(P〈0・01),冠脉病变以单支为主(P<0.05),病死率及并发症的发生率低(P〈0.05)o结论:青年AMI临床表现典型,多为单支冠脉病变,预后好;培养青
2、年良好的生活习惯、及时予以再灌注治疗,是防治青年AMI的重要措施。[关键词]心肌梗死;青年;危险因素;临床特点;冠脉造影术[中图分类号]R542.2+2[文献标识码]A[文章编号]1674-4721(2010)03(b)-031-02ClinicalfeaturesofacutemyocardialinfarctionintheyoungpatientsNINGDiao,LILipeng,CHENSuqin(DepartmentofCardiology,TheThirdHospitalofLuoyang,
3、Luoyang471002,China)[Abstract]Objective:Toexploretheclinicalfeaturesofacutemyocardialinfarction(AMI)intheyoungpatients.Methods:Fifty-sevenpatientswereclassifiedintotwogroupsaccordingtotheage・Amongthem,40patientswere60yearsoldandabove,17patientswaslessthan
4、45yearsold・Theriskfactorsandclinicalcharacteristicsbetweentwogroupswereanalyzed・Results:Comparedwiththeoldergroup,male(100%),heavysmoking(88.2%),alcoholism(52.9%),familyhistoryofcardiovascular(58.9%)andclearincentivessuchasmentalpressure(70.6%)werethemain
5、riskfactorsintheyounggroup(P<0・05)・Incidenceoftypicalclinicalsymptomsintheyounggroupwashigherthanthatintheoldergroup(P<0.01)・Morbidityofpatientswithsinglecoronarylesionintheyounggroupwashigherthanthatintheoldergroup・Mortalityandtheincidenceofcomplicationi
6、ntheyounggroupwaslowerthanthatintheoldergroup・Conclusion:YouthAMIpatientshavetheclinicalfeaturesoftypicalclinicalsymptoms,singlecoronarylesionandfavorableprognosis・Goodlivinghabits,timelyreperfusiontherapyisanimportantmeasureforpreventionandtreatmentofyou
7、thAMI.[Keywords]Acutemyocardialinfarction;Youngpeople;Riskfactor;Clinicalfeatures;Coronaryangiography近年来,青年急性心肌梗死(AMI)的发病率有上升趋势,受到临床的普遍关注。笔者对17例年龄在45岁以下的青年AMI患者与同期40例老年AMI患者对比分析,探讨其临床特点。1资料与方法1.1一般资料所选病例为木科2006年9月〜2009年10月收住的AMI患者。青年(〈45岁)AMI组17例,均为男性,年龄2
8、9〜44岁,平均42.3岁;同期随机抽取老年AMI组40例,男性28例(占70%),女性12例(占30%),年龄60〜80岁,平均68.4岁。所有病例诊断均符合中华医学会心血管病学会AMI的诊断标准[1]。1.2方法①记录每位患者的危险因素:体重指数,既往病史(着重于高血压、糖尿病、高血脂),心血管病家族史(一级亲属冠心病为家族史阳性),吸烟史,酗酒史,及数周内有无存在过度疲劳、精神压力大等明确诱因。吸烟指每日吸烟>10支,持