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ID:462888
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时间:2017-08-05
《历史成本计量模式与公允价值计量模式的战略影响【外文翻译】》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、外文翻译StrategicConsequencesofHistoricalCostandFairValueMeasurementsMaterialSource:http://www.personal.psu.edu/sjh11/ACCTG597E/Class21/ReisStockCAR07.pdfAuthor:RICARDOF.REIS、PHILLIPC.STOCKENIntroductionTheFinancialAccountingStandardsBoard(FASB)recentlyreleasedanexposuredraftonfairvaluemeasurement
2、stoimprovetheconsistency,reliability,andcomparabilitywithwhichfinancialandnonfinancialassetsandliabilitiesarereported.Itdefinedfairvalueas“thepriceatwhichanassetorliabilitycouldbeexchangedinacurrenttransactionbetweenknowledgeable,unrelatedwillingparties”(FASB2004,para.4).Becausetheobjectiveoff
3、airvaluemeasurementistoestimateanexchangepriceintheabsenceofanactualtransaction,theFASBgrappledwiththereliabilityoffairvaluemeasures,thereliabilityofthesemeasurescomparedwiththereliabilityofothermeasuresbasedonjudgmentsandestimates,andthecausesofunreliablemeasures.Inlightoftheseconcerns,itcall
4、edforfeedbackonwhetherfirmscanconsistentlyapplythefairvaluemeasurementsoutlinedintheexposuredraft.Thispaperexaminesthemeasurementofnonfinancialassetsinimperfectlycompetitivemarkets.Italsoconsiderstheeffectofalternativemeasurementsonfirms’investingandoperatingactivities.Implementingfairvaluemea
5、surementrequiresaprepareroffinancialstatementstoestimateanexchangeprice.Thisestimate“isdeterminedbyreferencetoacurrenthypotheticaltransactionbetweenwillingparties”(FASB2004,para.5).Intheabsenceofanactualtransaction,theexposuredraftproposesahierarchyofinformationinputsthatshouldbeusedtoestimate
6、fairvalue.Thehierarchyassignsthehighestprioritytomarketinputsthatreflectquotedpricesinactivemarketsandthelowestprioritytoinputsbasedonafirm’sownestimatesandassumptionsusingvaluationtechniquesconsistentwiththemarketapproach,incomeapproach,andcostapproach.Themarketapproachusespricesgeneratedbyac
7、tualtransactionsinvolvingidenticalorsimilarassetsorliabilities;theincomeapproachusestechniquesthatdiscountfutureexpectedcashflowsorearnings;andthecostapproachconsiderstheamountrequiredtoreplaceanasset’sservicecapacity.Toexaminemeasureme
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