完善公允价值计量【外文翻译】

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1、本科毕业论文（设计）外文翻译外文出处JouurnalofAccountancy外文作者PaulR.Bahnson原文：RefiningFairValueMeasurementFASBStatementno.157definesfairvalueas"thepricethatwouldbereceivedtosellanassetorpaidtotransferaliabilityinanorderlytransactionbetweenmarketparticipantsatthemeasurementdate."Thestandarddoesnotre

2、quirefairvaluestobeusedinanysituationsrotalreadycoveredbyGAAPthatexistedwhenitwasissued.The"FairValueHierarchy"isthecentralcomponentofStatementno.157.Theboardidentifiesanorderofpreference(Level1,Level2orLevel3inputs)thatmanagementmustapplyinestimatingthefairvaluesofassetsorliabil

3、ities.Thestandardestablishesdisclosurerequirementsthatrevealtofinancialstatementusershowthefairvalueestimateswereproducedbecausevaryingdegreesofprecisionresultfromusingdifferentkindsofinputs.Statementno.157iseffectiveforannualstatementsforfiscalyearsbeginningafterNov.15,2007,andf

4、orinterimreportspreparedinthatinitialfiscalyear.FASB157upgradesthequalityoffinancialreporting.FASBissuedastandardinfall2006withtheunderstatedtitleFairValueMeasurements.Ononehand,FASBStatementno.157appearstoshakethefoundationofhistoricalcostmeasurement.Ontheother,itappearsinnocuou

5、sbecauseitdoesn'tcompelgreateruseoffairvalues.Infact,thestandarddoesabitofboth.Eitherway,CPAsshouldquicklyacquaintthemselveswiththenewrule,sinceitbecomeseffectiveforannualstatementsforfiscalyearsbeginningafterNov.15,2007,andforinterimreportspreparedinthatinitialfiscalyear.Indeed,

6、Statementno.157doesnotrequirefairvaluestobeusedinanysituations12notalreadycoveredbyGAAPthatexistedatthetimeitwasissued.However,itchangesthestatusquointhreeways:ItraisesthebarforpracticebyspecifyingnewfactorstoconsiderwhenmeasuringlairvaluesthatarealreadyrequiredinGAAP,suchthatdif

7、ferent(andbetter)numberswillbereportedinsomesituations.ItpavedthewayforFASBStatementno.159,TheFairValueOptionforFinancialAssetsandFinancialLiabilities,whichcreatesthepossibilitythatfairvalueswillbeintroducedandusedinnewwaysinfinancialstatements.ItsetsthestageforthenewConceptualFr

8、ameworkthatFASBisdeveloping.Inparticular