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1、外文翻译外文CommunitylearningininformationtechnologyinnovationMaterialSource:MIS34,4,2009Author:WangPingandNeilCRamillerLearningPerspectiveOverthepasttwodecades,ITinnovationresearchhasincreasinglyexaminedlearningasanintegralaspectoforganizations’effortstoinnovatewithIT(seethereviewbyRobeyet
2、al.2000).Inthissection,werevisitthetheoreticalbasisforthelearningperspectiveinITinnovationresearchandhighlightthemainemphasesinthatperspective.Wediscusshowthoseemphasesmaybebroadenedandcomplementedbyrecentinnovationtheories.Thiswillsetthestageforustointroducetheconceptsoflearning-abou
3、tandcommunitylearning.LearningtoInnovatewithITAnITinnovationisaninformationtechnologyperceivedasnewbytheadoptingorganization(Rogers2003;Swanson1994).Ourperspectiveoninnovationhenceisorientedtowardadopters.2OrganizationsinnovatewithITbyapplyingnewITtotheirbusinessprocesses.Innovatingwi
4、thIT,accordingtoSwansonandRamiller(2004),isajourneythatinvolvesfourcoreprocesses:comprehension,adoption,implementation,andassimilation.First,organizationscollectandinterpretinformationfromtheirenvironmentsabouttheexistenceandbasicideaofanITinnovation.Second,thiscomprehensioneffortinfo
5、rmsorganizations’decisionsonwhethertoadopttheinnovation,plusthearticulationofsupportingrationales.Third,whereadoptionisactuallypursued,theinnovationisdeployed—hardwareandsoftwareareinstalled,businessprocessesarechanged,usersaretrained,andsoon.Finally,induecoursetheinnovationbecomesass
6、imilatedintotheroutinesoforganizationalworksystems.AdoptersofITinnovationsoftenfacesignificantchallengesinacquiringtheknowledgeneededtounderstandandutilizetheinnovationseffectively(Attewell1992;FichmanandKemerer1997),notleastofwhichbecauselearningisneededacrossallfourprocessesintheinn
7、ovationjourney.Incomprehension,organizationsmustmakesenseoftheinformationaboutaninnovationinordertoachievesomebasicunderstanding(e.g.,whattheinnovationis,whyorganizationsshouldadoptit,andhowitmightbeimplementedandused).Inadoption,organizationsmustassesstheinnovation’spurpose,benefits,
8、andte
