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ID:461436
大小:88.00 KB
页数:12页
时间:2017-08-05
《全球服装和鞋类产业集群的研究和收益【外文翻译】》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、外文翻译原文LearningandEarninginGlobalGarmentandFootwearChainsMaterialSource:TheEuropeanjournalofdevelopmentresearchAuthor:HubertSchmitzThisarticleexploresthepoweroftheglobalvaluechainapproachinexplainingthegrowthofproductioncapabilitiesandthedistributionofgains.Itsuggeststhattheupgradingopp
2、ortunitiesoflocalenterprisesarestructuredbytherelationshipsinglobalvaluechains.Thisisshownclearlyforthecaseofthegarmentandfootwearindustry,whereadvanceshavebeenrapidinproductandprocessupgradingbutmorelimitedinfunctionalupgrading.Withregardtothedistributionofgains,theglobalvaluechainapp
3、roachalsoprovidesclearhypothesesbuttheempiricalevidenceremainsweak.INTRODUCTIONItisuniversallyacknowledgedthattheamountoftradethatregionsengageinhasafundamentaleffectontheireconomicdevelopment.Thereismuchlessknowledgeabouthowtradeisorganizedandhowthisaffectseconomicdevelopment.Recentgl
4、obalvaluechain(GVC)analysishasmadesomeimportantadvancesinthisfield.Itscentralpropositionisthatitmattershowtradeisorganized:itmattersforunderstandingmarketaccess,theacquisitionofcapabilitiesandthedistributionofgains.Inthethinkingontradingrelationships,onecanbroadlydistinguishbetweenthre
5、ephases:Traditionally,therelationshipsbetweenproducersandcustomersarethoughttobemarket-based.Thisassumptioncontinuestoprevail(thoughnotalwaysexplicitly)inmanytextbooksconcernedwithinternationaltrade.Inthe1970sand1980s,theimportanceofintra-firmtradewashighlightedinresearchonmultinationa
6、lcorporationsandtheirsubsidiaries.Inthe1990s,anewformofcoordinatedtradewasshowntobeofincreasingimportance:leadfirmsfromdevelopedcountriescoordinate(orgovern)thetradewithdevelopingcountryfirmsthatremainnominallyindependent.12Overthepasttwodecades,thislatterformoftradehasgrownparticularl
7、yfast.Itgaverisetoanewlineofresearch:GVCanalysisshowsthattherearenewopportunitieswhichcomefromoperatinginglobalchainsbutalsolimitsandtraps.Thispaperanalysestheseindetail,focusingontheprospectsfordevelopingcountryenterprisesandworkersinthegarmentandfootwearindustry.Thepaperseekstoansw
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