资源描述：
《快餐的营销和销售【外文翻译】》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、外文翻译原文TheMarketingandDistributionofFastFoodMaterialSource:ContemporaryEndocrinologyAuthor：MichelleChristianandGaryGereffiTheoriginoffast-foodchainsbeganwiththefranchisingofMcDonald’sinthe1960s,andsincethenthestrengthoffast-foodbrandshasgrownatameteoricrate.Thelargestfast-foodchains(suchasMcDonald’
2、sandYum!Brands)broughtthemassproductionconcepttofoodservice,andintheprocess,changedhowfoodisproduced,distributed,andmarketed.Theactivitiesofeachsegmentofthechainaredeterminedbythespecificationsoftheleadfirms,thebrandedfast-foodrestaurants,andtheirsuppliers.Thefast-foodbrandsdeterminetheproductionof
3、foodthroughtheirrequirementsforhowfoodproductsshouldbecultivated,manufactured,packaged,distributed,anddisplayed.Theyworkdirectlywithfoodprocessors,whointurnworkwithfarmers.Fast-foodchainshavefueledtheirrapidgrowththroughglobalexpansion.Thispacehasincreasedexponentiallyindevelopingeconomiessinceth
4、e1990s,wherethegradualremovalofmarketbarriersandtraderestrictionsmadetheprocessofinternationalizationsmootherforleadingcompanies.Yum!BrandsisaconglomeratethatincludesKFC,PizzaHut,TacoBell,LongJohnSilver,andA&W.In2008thecompanyboasted36,000unitsinmorethan110countriesandterritories.KFCisthecompany’
5、sstrongestbrandwith5,253unitsintheUnitedStatesand10,327internationally,including2,497inMainlandChinaalone.However,McDonald’sisbyfartheglobalfast-foodbrandleader.In2008thecompany’stotalsystemunitswere31,967,with56%ofthoseunitsbeinginternationallybased.LikeKFC,ChinaleadstheinternationalmarketforMcD
6、onald’swith1,021unitsin2008,doublingsince2003.OthercountrieslikeMexico,Brazil,India,Vietnam,andthePhilippineshavequicklyadoptedthefast-foodrevolution.McDonald’soperates379unitsinMexicoand562inBrazil.India,acountrywitharichspicetraditionandmanyvarietiesoflocalcuisine,isexperiencinga“fascination”wi
7、thfastfood.Since2006,KFChasopenedmorethan45restaurantswithprojectionstosurpass120by2010.PizzaHutoperates120storesin34citiesandMcDonald’s132stores,withfurtherexpansionplannedinthecomingyears.EntrepreneursinVietnam,nowam
