变位酶的辅酶，催化底物分子内基团(主要

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1、Chapter3.vitaminLipid-solublevitaminWater-solublevitaminintroductionVitaminsareorganicnutrientsthatarerequiredinsmallquantitiesforavarietyofbiochemicalfunctionsandwhich,generally,cannotbesynthesizedbythebodyandmustthereforebesuppliedbythediet.Lipid-solublevitami

2、nWater-solublevitaminvitaminSection1.lipid-solublevitaminVitaminA,D,EandKaresolubleinlipids,notinwater.Theylaywithlipidsinfoodandthereforeabsorbedtogetherwithlipidsbybody.Ⅰ.VitaminAVitaminA1,retinol,视黄醇VitaminA2,dehydroretinol,脱氢视黄醇Function:keepepithelialtissueh

3、ealthy.Maintainingorthopsia(正常视觉).Source:β–carotinβ—胡萝卜素(7.7mg/100g)Deficiencydiseases:night-blindness夜盲症Ⅱ．VitaminDAmongthem,1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferolisthebiologicalmostactive.Function:Promoteabsorbingofcalciumandphosphoniumintointestine,adjustcalciumandphos

4、phorusmetabolism,behelpfulofossature(骨骼)calcifyingandtoothforming.Deficiencydeseases:rachitis(佝偻病)osteomalacia(软骨病)Source:fish-liveroil，yolk蛋黄，milkⅢ．VitaminEtocopherol生育酚.8compoundshadbeenfound.Thefour:，，andarephysiologicalactive.Functions:Maintaininganimalp

5、rocreatingability,anti-infertilitas.（维持动物生殖功能，抗不育症）AntioxidationPromotemetabolismofheme.Deficiencystates:generativeorgandamage,evenaciesis(不育).Source:beanoil豆油（94mg/100g)cornoil玉米油83mg/100gⅣ.VitaminK2-甲基-1,4萘醌的衍生物1234Functions:Prostheticgroupof-GlutamicAcidcarb

6、oxylase(-谷氨酸羧化酶的辅酶),Promotesynthesisofproserozymeinliver.AdjustsynthesisofbloodcoagulationfactorⅦ、Ⅸ、Ⅹ.Deficiencystates:Bleedingeasily.Source:Yolk(蛋黄)，greencolorvegetablesSynthesizedbysomeentero-bacterium肠道菌合成Section2.water-solublevitamin1.VitaminB1thiaminFormTP

7、P焦磷酸硫胺素．TPPisprostheticgroupofpyruvicaciddehydrogenase丙酮酸脱氢酶的辅基．Catalyzeα-ketoaciddecarboxylicreaction.Deficiencydeseases:Beriberi脚气病,polyneuritis多发性神经炎Source:seedscrustandcorcle(胚芽).2.VitaminB2riboflavin核黄素FormFMN,FADprostheticgroupofredoxenzymeFAD+2H=FADH2FMN+

8、2H=FMNH2Transferhydogenandelectron递氢与电子Deficiencydeseases:Hypopnea,lowermetabolismintensity.glossitis,ceratitis,cutitis(缺乏时,组织呼吸减弱，代谢强度降低。主要症状为舌炎、角膜炎、皮炎等。)Source:Bean