资源描述：
《2019-2020年高中英语（人教大纲）第二册上：Unit4 A garden of poems(备课资料)》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、2019-2020年高中英语（人教大纲）第二册上：Unit4Agardenofpoems(备课资料)I．异域风情1.TheFirstEnglishDictionaryIn1747,somebooksellersaskedJohnsontopileadictionaryoftheEnglishlanguage.Ittookhimeightyearstofinishthisenormouswork,andin1755his“Dictionary”waspublished.Someofthedefinitionsinthedictionaryar
2、eoftenquotedtoillustratejohnson’spersonalityorprejudice,as“Oats,n.agrain,whichinEnglandisgenerallygiventohorses,butinScotlandsupportsthepeople”.Butthedictionaryasawholewasagreatworkofscholarship.Johnson'spurposewastomakeadictionary“bymeansofwhichthepronunciationofourlangua
3、ge(i.e.English)maybefixed,anditsattainmentfacilitated;bywhichitspuritymaybepreserved,itsuseascertainedanditsdurationlengthened”.Thoughthedictionaryhaslongbeendisplacedbylaterones,itmarkedanepochinthestudyanddevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguage.His“Dictionary”alsomarkedtheendofE
4、nglishwriters'relianceonthepatronageofnoblemenforsupport.In1747,JohnsonhadaddressedhisplanforthedictionarytoLordChesterfield,adistinguished“patronofliterature”.DuringthesevenlongyearsofJohnson'slabouringonthedictionary,LordChesterfieldhadofferedneitheraidnorencouragementto
5、thepoorlexicographer.Butontheeveofthepublicationofthework,thenoblemanwrotetwopapersfor“TheWorld”,aperiodicaloftheday,praisingthedictionaryandexpectingthatJohnsonwouldnowdedicatetheworktohim.Johnsonthoughtthat“allwasfalseandhollow”,scornedthehoneyedwords,andwrotealettertoLo
6、rdChesterfield,saying:“WhenIhadonceaddressedyourLordshipinpublic,Ihadexhaustedalltheartofpleasingwhicharetiredanduncouthlyscholarcanpossess…IsnotaPatron,myLord,onewholookswithunconcernonamanstrugglingforlifeinthewater,and,whenhehasreachedground,encumbershimwithhelp?Thenoti
7、ce,whichyouhavebeenpleasedtotakeofmylabour,haditbeenearlier,hadbeenkind;butithasbeendelayeduntilIamindifferent,andcannotenjoyit;tillIamsolitary,andcannotimpartit;tillIamknownanddonotcourtit.”Thisletteristhewriters'declarationofindependence,signifyingtheopeningofanewerainth
8、edevelopmentofliterature.2.MulticulturalBritainImmediatelyaftertheSecondWorldWar,Britainl
