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1、外文翻译原文Logisticsandregionaldevelopment.TherelationbetweenspecialeconomiczonesandlogisticandregionaldevelopmentMaterialSource:TNOInroAuthor:M.IdingR.ThijsB.Kuipers1CASESTUDY:SINGAPORE1.1FreeTradeZonesinSingapore1.1.1OverviewoffreetradezonesThefreeportconceptofSingaporedatesbacktotheoverseasexpan
2、sionfromEnglishandFrenchcolonistsfromtheearly18thtothelate19thcenturywhodevelopedin1819Singapore(andondifferentpointistime:Gibraltar,HongKong,AdenandDjibouti)intofreeportsorFTZs(Zhan1993inChen1994).ThefreezoneconceptbelongstotheheritageofSingaporeandnowadaysSingaporeisstillafreetradezone/freep
3、ort.Thismeansthatmostitemscanbeimporteddutyfree.Howeversomegoodsaresubjecttoimportduties,namelymotorvehicles,intoxicatingliquors,tobaccoproductsandpetroleumproducts.Agoodsandservicestax(GST)of3%isimposedonthesupplyorimportationofgoodsintoSingapore.NoGSTtaxorimportdutiesfordutiablegoodsarepaidw
4、hengoodsstayinassignedfreetradezoneareasinSingapore.ThesearethetruefreetradezonesinSingapore,whereimportsaredepositedbeforetheyaretransferredoverseasorentercustomsterritoryinSingapore.Sinceitsindependency,Singaporehasseveralfreetradezones(FTZs)whicharemainlyusedfortransshipmentpurposes.Goodsar
5、estoredwithinthezoneswithoutanycustomsdocumentationuntiltheyarereleasedinthemarket,andcanbeprocessed(breakbulk,consolidation,VAL)andre-exportedwithminimumformalities.InthisdescriptionofaFTZabondedwarehouseissimplyageographical“satellite”ofthefreezoneconcept.TheFTZsarelocatedattheCargoTerminalC
6、omplexofChangiAirport,thePortofSingapore,JurongPort,SembawangWharves,andPasirPanjangWharves.InsteadoftheearlierdescribedzonesinChapter2andinCuracaoandTrinidadandTobago,nomanufacturingtakesplace(valueaddingissubjecttoGST)andnootherpreferentialtaxadvantagesgoalongwithcompaniescarryingoutactiviti
7、esinthefreezone(incentivesarenotrelatedtothefreetradezone).TheFTZfocusesonconnectivityandisnoEPZ.Thecompaniesinthezonearemainlyforwardingandstevedoringcompaniescarryingoutthetransshipment.WithintheFTZcargocanbemoved,consolidated,stored,
