美国不断变化的海洋和沿海经济【外文翻译】

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1、外文翻译原文TheChangingOceanandCoastalEconomyoftheUnitedStatesMaterialSource:http://www.ocean.us.comAuthor:CharlesS.ColganTheUnitedStatesCommissiononOceanPolicyhasundertakenamajorreviewoffactorsaffectingthenation’scoastsandoceansandwillbereportingonitsrecommendationsforchangesinnational

2、policyin2009.Animportantpartofthechangesaffectingthecoastsandoceanshavebeenchangesinthedemographicandeconomicenvironmentaswellasthenaturalenvironment.Tohelpunderstandchanges,theCommissionaskedtheNationalOceanEconomicsProject(NOEP)toprepareananalysisofthesefactorsbasedontheProject’

3、sdataontheoceanandcoastaleconomy.TheNOEPisanindependentresearchprojectlocatedatuniversitiesontheeastandwestcoasts,andfundedbytheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration(NOAA)andtheEnvironmentalProtectAgency(EPA.).Thispaperprovidesasummaryofkeyfindingsonthesocio-economicfactorsi

4、nfluencingthecoastalandoceaneconomythathavebeenprovidedtotheCommissionandexplorestheimplicationsofthosetrends.ThereporttotheCommissionprimarilyconsidersthesetrendsfromanationalperspective;thispaperexploressomeoftheimplicationsofthesetrendsforstatepolicies.Tenmajorconclusionshavebe

5、endrawnfromthesocio-economicanalysis:1.Thecoastisnotasinglearea.Socio-economicdatasuggestsatleastfourdifferentregionsthatarecoastal(coastalstates,coastalwatershedcounties,coastalzonecounties,andthenearshore).2.Thecommonperceptionthat“everyoneismovingtothecoast”isincorrect.Thepress

6、ureofpopulationgrowthincoastalregionscomesfromtheincreasingsizeofthepopulationwithinafixedlandarea,notfromadisproportionatelylargeamountofgrowth.Whilethepopulationgrowthrateincoastalareashasbeenconsistentwithnationaltrends,thesheersizeofthepopulationdensityinthecoastalareahasmajor

7、effects.3.Dramaticchangesinthecoasthavecomeaboutfromemploymentandeconomicgrowth,particularlyinthenearshorearea.Nationally,employmentgrowthwasnearlythreetimespopulationgrowthnearesttheshore.NorthCarolinamorethandoubleditsemploymentinthenearshoreareabetween1990and2000,whilefourother

8、states(Alabama,Mississippi,Florid