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1、外文翻译原文OptimalInventoryControlwithRetailPre-PacksMaterialSource：DepartmentofSupplyChain&InformationSystemsAuthor：MichaelB.FreimerDouglasJ.Thomas.Apre-packisacollectionofitemsusedinretaildistribution.Bygroupingmultipleunitsofoneormorestockkeepingunits(SKU),distributionandhandlin
2、gcostscanbereduced,however,orderingflexibilityattheretailoutletislimited.Whenthepre-packcontainsunitsofasingleSKU,andtheretailercanonlyorderintegernumbersofpre-packs,thewell-studied(R,nQ)policyisoptimal.Forasingle-itemsystem,weconsiderthecasewheretheretailercanorderbothpre-pac
3、ksandindividualunits(atincreasedcost).Weshowthattheoptimalpolicyforthiscaseistoorderintoa“band,”orderingasfewindividualunitsaspossible.Wetheninvestigatethecasewherethepre-packcontainsmorethanoneSKU.Forthemultiple-SKUcase,wecharacterizetheoptimalpolicyandcomputationallyinvestig
4、atetheimpactofdemandvariability,correlationofdemandacrossmultipleSKUsandthesizeofthepre-pack.Sincetheoptimalpolicymaybedi?culttoimplement,weinvestigatetherelativeperformanceofastrictorder-up-topolicyaswellasthepre-packonlypolicy.IntroductionInproductionanddistributionsystems,m
5、aterialsoftenflowinfixedbatchsizes.Forexample,finishedgoodsmaybetransportedinfulltruckloads,andwork-in-process(WIP)isusuallyprocessedinsomeconvenientlotsize.Goodsthatareproducedandshippedinlargequantitiesareoftendisaggregatedata“break-bulk”point(i.e.,adistributioncenter)before
6、continuingontothepointoffinalconsumption.Whilethisbreak-bulkoperationincurssubstantialfacilitiesandhandlingcosts,itisworthwhilesinceitpermitsretaillocationstoreceivesmall,frequentreplenishments.ThisworkwasmotivatedbydiscussionswithaU.S.-basedapparelretailerwithessentiallytwoch
7、oicesforimportanddistributionofgoods.Thefirstoptionistohaveoverseascontractmanufacturersproduce,packandshipalargequantityofasingleSKU6whichisthenunpackedatadomesticdistributioncenter.Asstoresrequestproduct,individualitemsareselectedandshippedfromthedistributioncenter.Optiontwo
8、istohaveoverseasmanufacturerspackageeitherasingleSKUormultipl
