儿童神经心理及行为1

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1、Children’sNeuropsychologicalandBehavioralDevelopmentProfessor:MalianChildren’sdevelopmentalprogressofneuropsychologyDevelopmentalfoundationofhumanbehaviorbrain:370g900g(60%)85-90%1500gnewborn1y4-6y>7yspinalcord:fetus:atthesecondlumbarspinemargoinferior.4y:atthefirstlumbarspine

2、margoinferior.<4m:kerning+;<2y:barbinski+Children’sdevelopmentalprogressofneuropsychologyTheoryofneuropsychologicaldevelopmentinchildrenDevelopmentistheresultofmaturation.Developmentistheresultofconflictsolution.Developmentistheresultoflearning.Developmentistheadvanceofcogniti

3、on.Developmentistheorientationofculture(ecosystem)system.PerceptivedevelopmentSenseofvisionNewborn'sabilityofvisualrespondsWithcertaindegreeofvisualsenseWithabilitytoseetheobjectbrieflyWithabilitytodistinguishseveralsimplecolorsWithanarrowfieldofvisionWithavisualfocusthatcan'

4、tmovewiththeobject.SenseofvisionThechildcanstareatthelightsource1monthold,andcanmovehisheadonthelevelfor90degrees;Theyliketoseehisownhands3-4monthsold,andcanmovehisheadonthelevelfor180degrees;Theycanseesmallobjects8-9monthsold,thedepthofvisionbegintodevelop.开始出现视深度感觉，看到小物体They

5、candistinguishshapesofobjectssince18monthsold;Theycandistinguishperpendicularlinesandhorizontallines,since2yearsold;candistinguishdifferentcolorssince5yearsold;thedepthofvisionhavedevelopedfullysince6years.AuditognosisWhenaninfantisborn,auditognosisisbadwithnoairinthetympanum.

6、Atage3-7daysauditognosisbecomesbetter.Atage3～4monthstheheadcanturntosoundsource,andtheinfantcansmileatpleasingsound.Atage7-9monthsaninfantcanmakesureofasoundsource,anddistinguishdifferentspeech.Atage13-16monthsunderstandthename;Atage4yearsthedevelopmentofauditognosisisalreadyp

7、erfect.SenseoftasteNewborn'ssenseoftasteisalreadyveryperfect.Atage4-5monthsaninfantarealreadyverysensitivetoaslightvariationoffood.SenseofsmellandSkinfeelingSenseofsmellNewborn’ssenseofsmellisalreadygood.Atage3-4monthsaninfantcandistinctpleasantanddispleasantsmell.Atage7-8mont

8、hsaninfantwillmakearesponseforthefragrance.SkinfeelingNewborn