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1、阅读理解-细节理解四1、 Anewmoditybringsaboutahighlyprofitable,fast-growingindustry,urgingantitrust(反垄断)regulatorstostepintocheckthosewhocontrolitsflow.Acenturyago,theresourceinquestionwasoil.Nowsimilarconcernsaresbeingraisedbythegiants(巨头)thatdealindata,theoilofthedigitalage
2、.ThemostvaluablefirmsareGoogle,Amazon,FacebookandMicrosoft.Alllookunstoppable. Suchsituationshaveledtocallsforthetechgiantstobebrokenup.Butsizealoneisnotacrime,Thegiants'successhasbenefitedconsumers.Fewwanttolivewithoutsearchenginesoraquickdelivery,Farfromchargingc
3、onsumershighprices,manyoftheseservicesarefree(userspay,ineffect,byhandingoveryetmoredata).Andtheappearanceofnew-borngiantssuggeststhatnewerscanmakewaves,too. Butthereiscauseforconcern.Theinternethasmadedataabundant,all-presentandfarmorevaluable,changingthenatureofd
4、ataandpetition.Googleinitiallyusedthedatacollectedfromuserstotargetadvertisingbetter.Butrecentlyithasdiscoveredthatdatacanbeturnedintonewservices:translationandvisualrecognition,tobesoldtootherpanies.Internetpanies’controlofdatagivesthemenormouspower.Sotheyhavea“God’s
5、eyeview”ofactivitiesintheirownmarketsandbeyond. Thisnatureofdatamakestheantitrustmeasuresofthepastlessuseful.BreakingupfirmslikeGoogleintofivesmalloneswouldnotstopremakingthemselves:intime,oneofthemwouldbeegreatagain.Arethinkisrequired—andasanewapproachstartstobeea
6、pparent,twoideasstandout. Thefirstisthatantitrustauthoritiesneedtomoveformtheindustrialageintothe21stcentury.Whenconsideringamerger(兼并),forexample,theyhavetraditionallyusedsizetodeterminewhentostepin.Theynowneedtotakeintoaccounttheextentoffirms'dataassets(资产)whenas
7、sessingtheimpactofdeals.Thepurchasepricecouldalsobeasignalthatanestablishedpanyisbuyinganew-bormthreat.Whenthistakesplace,especiallywhenanew-bornpanyhasnorevenuetospeakof,theregulatorsshouldraiseredflags. Thesecondprincipleistoloosenthecontrolthatprovidersofon-line
8、serviceshaveoverdataandgivemoretothosewhosupplythem.paniescouldbeforcedtoconsumerswhatinformationtheyholdandhowmanymoneythey
