《分词用法详解》PPT课件

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1、过去分词高考复习详解现在分词形式过去分词形式一般式doingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone现在分词:表示动作是主动的和正在进行过去分词:表示动作是被动的和完成分词在句中可以作表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语。I.Pastparticipleusedasattributes（定语）1.位置:单个分词位于名词前，短语则在名词后,被过去分词所修饰的名词，就是该分词的逻辑主语。Thestolencarwasfoundbythepolicelastweek.Thespeakerans

2、weredallthequestionsraisedbytheaudience.2.作用---相当于一个定语从句（2）Thebook,writtenin1957,tellsthestruggleoftheminers.=Isthereanythingthathasbeenplannedfortonight?（1）Isthereanythingplannedfortonight？=Thebook,whichwaswrittenin1957,tellsthestruggleoftheminers.注：Th

3、eproblem（discussedyesterday）hassomethingtodowithdailylife.（表示完成）Theproblem（beingdiscussednow）hasnothingtodowithdailylife.（表示正在进行）II.Pastparticiplesusedaspredictive（表语）1.过去分词作表语，表示主语所处的状态，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语。Thewindowisbroken.Theinnergatewaslocked.Shewasgreatly

4、excited.2.与现在分词作表语的区别。现在分词：主语的特征或性质，“令人…”，有主动意思。e.g.Howdisappointingtheelectionis!过去分词：主语的感受，“感到…”，有被动意思。e.g.Theyfeeldisappointedattheelection.常见的这类此有：interesting—interestedencouraging—encourageddelighting—delighteddisappointing—disappointedpleasing—ple

5、asedpuzzling—puzzledsatisfying—satisfiedsurprising—surprisedworrying--worriedIII.PastparticipleusedastheObjectComplement(宾语补足语)1.表“希望，要求”的动词：want,wish,expect,wish,like,order+(tobe)done表示“希望/要求某人或某事被…”e.g.Iwantthework(tobe)finishedbySunday.Jimorderedther

6、oom(tobe)cleaned.2.表“感觉，心理状态”的动词：see,hear,find,feel,think,watch,notice+object(宾语)+p.p.e.g.Wesawthethiefcaughtbythepolice.Peoplefoundthewaterpolluted.HaveyouheardapopsongsunginJapanese?过去分词,不定式,现在分词作宾补的区别:三者与宾语逻辑上都是主谓关系，但过去分词强调他们之间的被动关系，不带to的不定式强调动作发生的全过

7、程，现在分词强调他们之间的主动关系，正在进行。Isawhercomeintotheclassroom.Isawhercomingintotheclassroom.Isawhertakenoutoftheclassroom.3.使役动词:make,get,have,keep,leave,etc.e.g.Wemustgetthetableclothwashed.=Wemustasksomebodytowashthetablecloth.Hehadhiswatchrepaired.4.在“with/with

8、out＋宾语＋宾补(过去分词)”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。e.g.Doyouknowthemanwithhishairtiedback?IV.PastparticipleusedastheAdverbial(状语)过去分词作状语相当于状语从句。e.g.1.Askedwhyhedidn’tdoit,hebegantocry.过去分词作时间状语相当于时间状语从句(Whenhewas)askedwhyhedidn’tdoit,hebegant