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1、翻译技巧进阶3-7从句的翻译Freedomcomesonlytothosewhonolongeraskforlifethatitshallyieldthemanyofthosepersonalgoodsthataresubjecttothemutations(变化)oftime.那些不再奢求生活中的私利的人,才能获得自由。因为这些世俗的利益是会随着时间而变化的(变化无常的)。只有那些不再为物质利益而孜孜以求的人才能获得自由,因为世事无常,没有什么是可以永恒拥有的。海纳百川有容乃大,壁立千仞无欲则刚英语中的从句:1
2、.名词性从句,主语,宾语,表语,介宾,同位语。2.定语从句3.状语从句名词性从句的翻译由what,how,引导的名词性从句应译成名词性短语,将“what”和“how”的内容具体化。e.g.IamnotwhatIusedtobe.IfonlyIknewthenwhatIknownow.HehasmadewhatIam.Whatwasonceregardedasimpossiblehasnowbecomeareality.P240ExerciseItisnotaquestionhowmuchamanknows,but
3、whatusehecanmakeofwhatheknows;notaquestionofwhatdegreehehasacquired,andhowhehasbeentrained,butofwhatheis,andwhathecando.定语从句的翻译1.译成前置定语e.g.Asismentionedabove,electricalenergywhichisgeneratedinpowerstationsisfedtotheNationalGridSeeP242.ExerciseThepersonwhomake
4、sasuccessoflivingistheonewhoseeshisgoalsteadilyandaimsforitunswervingly.2.译成独立的句子根据定语从句的内容与主句内容的关系,可以将其灵活处理成并列句,原因,目的,结果,让步状语从句,条件句,时间状语从句,地点状语从句等。句子断开后,应视情况加上必要的衔接词。如:“这”,“那时”,“那里”,“因此”,“然而”等SeeP243译成谓语结构,宾语结构当定语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,可将定语从句译成谓语结构。当定语从句的先行词在句中作宾语时,在
5、不影响句子流畅性的前提下,也可以把它处理成宾语结构。SeeP248ThatgentlemanunfortunatelytooknoticeofTom’sname,whichwaswritteninmanypartsofthebook.不幸的是,这位先生也注意到了Tom的名字,因为书中多次出现他的名字。Thinkingthatyouknowwheninfactyoudon’tisafatalmistaketowhichweareallprone.自以为是而实际上并非如此,这是一个致命的弱点,我们每个人都容易犯这种错
6、误。ExerciseSeeP243.状语从句的译法Note:avoidusingconjunctionsaspossible,tobeconcise.Exercise1.Hemustbeill,forheisabsent.2.Mostcometsaresodimthattheycannotbeseenbynakedeye.3.Iwon’tgowhenitrains.4.Heismadtosuchanextentthathekilledhiswife.1.定语从句的翻译1.Lifeisinfinitelystran
7、gerthananythingwhichthemindofmancouldinvent.Wewouldnotdaretoconceivethethingswhicharereallymerecommonplacesofexistence.Ifwecouldflyoutofthatwindowhandinhand,hoveroverthisgreatcity,gentlyremovetheroofsandpeepinatthequeerthingswhicharegoingon,thestrangecoincide
8、nces,theplanning,thecross-purpose,thewonderfulchainsofevents,workingthroughgenerations,andleadingtothemostunexpectableresults,itwouldmakeallfictionwithitsconventionalitiesandforeseenconcl