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1、Chapter9CNCArchitectureDesignItisnecessarytodesignthearchitectureofhardwareandsoftwaremodulesinordertoimplementaCNCsystemconsistingofavarietyofmodulessuchasNCK,MMI,andPLC.Systemprogrammingforoperatingthesemodulesinrealtimeisalsore-quired.Inthischapter,themainfunc
2、tionalitiesandcommandsofrealtimeoperatingsystems(OS)forreal-timeprogrammingsystemswillbedescribed.Throughin-vestigationofmulti-processinghardwarearchitecture,theuserwilllearnthebasicapproachfordesigningthearchitectureofaCNCsystemthatrequirestheguaranteeofreal-tim
3、eoperation.9.1IntroductionACNCsystemconsistsoftheNCKunitthatiscomposedoftheinterpretermodulethatinterpretsthepartprogram,theinterpolatormodulethatcreatesthemovingpathofthetool,theacceleration/decelerationmodulethatsmoothestheaxismovement,andthepositioncontrolunit
4、thatcontrolstheservomotorbasedonthefeedbacksignalandinterpolationresult.InadditiontotheNCKunit,aCNCsystemcontainsanMMIunitthatenablesausertooperatetheCNC,monitortheoperationstatusandmessages,andmakeapartprogram.FinallythereisthePLCunitthatlogicallycontrolsthemach
5、ineexceptfortheservomotors.IntheCNCsystem,varioustasksfromtheNCK,MMI,andPLCunitsareex-ecutedsimultaneouslyandeachtaskrequiresreal-timeoperation.Therefore,itisessentialtouseareal-timeOSinordertooperatevariousreal-timetasksinamulti-processingenvironment.Inaddition,
6、thedesignofthearchitectureofhardwareandsoftwaretaskstorealizeCNCsystemisrequired.Inconclusion,thefollowingmustbeconsideredinordertodesignaCNCsystem:1.Real-timeoperatingsystem(thekindofsystemcallandusablehardware)2.Thearchitectureofhardware(thenumberofCPUsandthewa
7、yofconnectingbetweenmodules)3153169CNCArchitectureDesign3.Thearchitectureofthesoftware(thedesignoftaskmodulesandthesystemker-nel)Areal-timeOSprovidesvariousfunctionssuchastaskscheduling,inter-taskcommunicationresourcesharing,andtasksynchronizationinordertousetheh
8、ard-wareresourceseffectively.Accordingly,theCNCdesignershouldconsidersimulta-neouslythehardwareresourcetobemanagedandthefunctionality(orperformanceindex)oftheO
