design and software architecture：与软件架构设计

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1、DesignandSoftwareArchitecture1Ch.4OutlineWhatisdesignHowcanasystembedecomposedintomodulesWhatisamodule’sinterfaceWhatarethemainrelationshipsamongmodulesProminentsoftwaredesigntechniquesandinformationhidingTheUMLcollectionofdesignnotationsDesignofconcurrentanddistributedsoftware

2、DesignpatternsArchitecturalstylesComponentbasedsoftwareengineering2Ch.4Whatisdesign?ProvidesstructuretoanyartifactDecomposessystemintoparts,assignsresponsibilities,ensuresthatpartsfittogethertoachieveaglobalgoalDesignreferstobothanactivityandtheresultoftheactivity3Ch.4Twomeanin

3、gsof"design“activityinourcontextActivitythatactsasabridgebetweenrequirementsandtheimplementationofthesoftwareActivitythatgivesastructuretotheartifacte.g.,arequirementsspecificationdocumentmustbedesignedmustbegivenastructurethatmakesiteasytounderstandandevolve4Ch.4Theswdesignact

4、ivityDefinedassystemdecompositionintomodulesProducesaSoftwareDesignDocumentdescribessystemdecompositionintomodulesOftenasoftwarearchitectureisproducedpriortoasoftwaredesign5Ch.4SoftwarearchitectureShowsgrossstructureandorganizationofthesystemtobedefinedItsdescriptionincludesdes

5、criptionofmaincomponentsofasystemrelationshipsamongthosecomponentsrationalefordecompositionintoitscomponentsconstraintsthatmustberespectedbyanydesignofthecomponentsGuidesthedevelopmentofthedesign6Ch.4TwoimportantgoalsDesignforchange(Parnas)designerstendtoconcentrateoncurrentnee

6、dsspecialeffortneededtoanticipatelikelychangesProductfamilies(Parnas)thinkofthecurrentsystemunderdesignasamemberofaprogramfamily7Ch.4Samplelikelychanges?(1)Algorithmse.g.,replaceinefficientsortingalgorithmwithamoreefficientoneChangeofdatarepresentatione.g.,frombinarytreetoathre

7、adedtree(seeexample)17%ofmaintenancecostsattributedtodatarepresentationchanges(LientzandSwanson,1980)8Ch.4Example9Ch.4Samplelikelychanges?(2)ChangeofunderlyingabstractmachinenewreleaseofoperatingsystemnewoptimizingcompilernewversionofDBMS…ChangeofperipheraldevicesChangeof"soci

8、al"environmentnewtaxregimeEUROvsnationalcurrencyinEUCh