2019版一轮优化探究化学（人教版）练习：章末排查练（六） Word版含解析

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1、章末排查练(六)一、原电池电极反应式或总反应式的书写1、铁镍电池(负极－Fe,正极－NiO2,电解液－KOH溶液)已知：Fe＋NiO2＋2H2OFe(OH)2＋Ni(OH)2,则：负极：________________________________________________________________________；正极：________________________________________________________________________；阴极：____________________________________________________

2、____________________；阳极：________________________________________________________________________.答案：Fe－2e－＋2OH－===Fe(OH)2　NiO2＋2H2O＋2e－===Ni(OH)2＋2OH－　Fe(OH)2＋2e－===Fe＋2OH－　Ni(OH)2－2e－＋2OH－===NiO2＋2H2O2、LiFePO4电池(正极－LiFePO4,负极－Li,含Li＋导电固体为电解质)已知：FePO4＋LiLiFePO4,则负极：_______________________________

3、_________________________________________；正极：________________________________________________________________________；阴极：________________________________________________________________________；阳极：________________________________________________________________________.答案：Li－e－===Li＋　FePO4＋Li＋＋e－

4、===LiFePO4　Li＋＋e－===Li　LiFePO4－e－===FePO4＋Li＋3、高铁电池(负极－Zn,正极－石墨,电解质为浸湿的固态碱性物质)已知：3Zn＋2K2FeO4＋8H2O3Zn(OH)2＋2Fe(OH)3＋4KOH,则：负极：________________________________________________________________________；正极：________________________________________________________________________；阴极：____________________

5、____________________________________________________；阳极：________________________________________________________________________.答案：3Zn－6e－＋6OH－===3Zn(OH)2　2FeO＋6e－＋8H2O===2Fe(OH)3＋10OH－　3Zn(OH)2＋6e－===3Zn＋6OH－　2Fe(OH)3－6e－＋10OH－===2FeO＋8H2O4、氢氧燃料电池(1)电解质是KOH溶液(碱性电解质)负极：__________________________

6、______________________________________________；正极：________________________________________________________________________；总反应方程式：________________________________________________________________________.(2)电解质是H2SO4溶液(酸性电解质)负极：______________________________________________________________________

7、__；正极：________________________________________________________________________；总反应方程式：________________________________________________________________________.(3)电解质是NaCl溶液(中性电解质)负极：____________________________________