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1、《英语语言学概论》复习纲要1.复习的基本原则：第一，理解和吃透各章的重点内容。第二，以各章的题目为统领，理解各章节下的具体内容。第三，动手书写和记忆重要内容，部分语言学理论会应用到实际中。2.各章节复习要点如下Chapter1InvitationstoLinguistics1)Definitionsofthefollowingterms:language,linguistics,arbitrariness,duality,creativity,displacement,descriptiveVSprescriptive,synchron
2、icVSdiachronic,langueVSparole,competenceVSperformance2)Studyoftheoriginoflanguage3)Whatarethefunctionsoflanguage?4)Whichsubjectsareincludedinmacrolinguistics?Chapter2SpeechSounds1)Definitionsofthefollowingterms:articulatoryphonetics,acousticphonetics,auditoryphonetics,ph
3、onetics,phonology,consonants,vowels,allophones,broadtranscriptionVSnarrowtranscription2)Analyzethecomplementarydistribution,freevariationwithexamples3)TheclassificationofEnglishconsonantsandEnglishvowelsandthefeaturesinvolvedintheclassification1)Understandsomeprocessesof
4、phonology:nasalization,dentalization,velarization2)DifferencesbetweenintonationandtoneChapter3Frommorphemetophrase1)Definitionsofthefollowingterms:morpheme,morphology,backformation,blending,classshift2)Differencesbetweenrootandstem,inflectionalVSderivationalaffix3)Analyz
5、ethemorphemescontainedinEnglishwords,suchasinternationalization,distempered,moonwalk,frienships4)Whatarethecharacteristicsofaword?5)UnderstandtheclassificationofEnglishwords:variableVSinvariable,grammaticalVSlexical,closed-classVSopen-class,particles,auxiliaries,determin
6、ers6)Understandtheprocessesofwordformationwithexamples:blending,abbreviation,acronym,backformation,class-shiftChapter4FromwordtoText1)Definitionsofthefollowingterms:syntax,endocentricVSexocentricconstruction,coordinationVSsubordination2)SyntacticfunctionsofEnglishsentenc
7、es:subject(agentVSpatient,grammaticalVSlogical),predicate,object3)CategoriesinEnglish:number,gender,agreementChapter5Meaning1)Definitionsofthefollowingterms:semantics,thereferentialtheory,semantictriangle,synonymy,antonymy,hyponymy2)Understandsynonymy,antonymy,hyponymywi
8、thexamples3)Subclassificationofantonymy4)Componentialanalysisinpractice:suchasboy,girl,woman,man,mother
