競爭能力企業策略新規則

《競爭能力企業策略新規則》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。

1、CompetingonCapabilities:TheNewRulesofCorporateStrategybyGeorgeStalk,PhilipEvans,andLawrenceE.ShulmanInthe1980s,companiesdiscoveredtimeasanewsourceofcompetitiveadvantage・Inthe1990s,theywilllearnthattimeisjustonepieceofamorefar-reachingtransformationinthel

2、ogicofcompetition.Companiesthatcompeteeffectivelyontime-speedingnewproductstomarket,manufacturingjustintime,orrespondingpromptlytocustomercomplaints-tendtobegoodatotherthingsaswell:forinstance,theconsistencyoftheirproductqualitytheacuityoftheirinsightint

3、oevolvingcustomerneeds,theabilitytoexploitemergingmarkets,enternewbusinesses,orgeneratenewideasandincorporatethemininnovations.Butallthesequalitiesaremerereflectionsofamorefundamentalcharacteristic:anewconceptionofcorporatestrategythatwecall^capabiliti

4、es-basedcompetition/1Foraglimpseofthenewworldofcapabilities・basedcompetition,considertheastonishingreversaloffortunesrepresentedbyKmartandWai-Man:In1979,Kmartwaskingofthediscountretailingindustry,anindustryithadvirtuallycreated.With1,891storesandaverager

5、evenuesperstoreofS7.25million,Kmartenjoyedenormoussizeadvantages.Thisallowedeconomiesofscaleinpurchasing,dis-；tribution,andmarketingthat,accordingtojustaboutanymanagementtextbook,arecrucialtocompetitivesuccessinamatureandlow-growthindustry.Bycontrast,Wa

6、i-Manwasasmallnichere・tailcrintheSouthwithonly229storesandaveragerevenuesabouthalfofthoseofKmartstores一hardlyaseriouscompetitor.Andyet,onlytenyearslater,Wal-Marthadtransformeditselfandthediscountretailingindustry.Growingnearly25%ayear,thecompanyachieved

7、thehighestsalespersquarefoot,inventorytumszandoperatingprofitofanydiscountretailer.Its1989pretaxreturnonsaleswas8%#nearlydoublethatofKmart・TodayWal-Martisthelargestandhighestprofit；retailerintheworldperformancethathastranslatedintoa32%returnonequityanda

8、marketGeorgeStalk.PhilipEvans,andLawrenceE.ShulmanarevicepresidentsattheBostonConsultingGroup.Stalk9sfirstHBRarticle."Time-TheNextSourceofCompetitiveAdvantage"(fuly-August1988).wonthe1988McKinseyAward.SwingsbygwsonweuvjdC