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-、持Z以恒的知识积累（一）基础知识方面重视字音、字形、字意、文学常识等基础知识的积累。初屮语文的学习还是处于基础知识储备阶段，所以对基础知识的积累仍然是重川Z重，不论课程标准怎么改，这个是不会变的。但是相对于小学语文的学习，应该把侧重点转移到文学常识的积累上。例如，在学习初屮一年级课本中鲁迅的《风筝》一文时，除了要求学主掌握陌牛的字、词外，还应该采取多种方式方法搜集作者鲁迅先生的相关资料及相关作阳内容，扩人学生的知识面，因为在初中语文的学习中，鲁迅先生是一位非常匝要的伟人，在以后的学习中也会常遇到，所以，要在初中学习的最开始就打下良好棊础，让学生记下笔记，印在脑子里，1=1后再遇到鲁迅先生的相关文章时，只要再进行简单的搜索回忆就口J以了。（―）文体知识方而除了诗歌、散文类，文章还是占了教材的很大比例，所以，不论是教师的传授还是学生的接收都应该有最基本的单沅结构和整体框架意识。清晰地讲解每篇文章结构和文体也有利于学牛的写作，让写作思路更清晰。比如，这一单元的整体构架是什么？这儿篇文章的载体是什么？木单元侧重学习哪种文体？都要提前有个宏观意识，让学生心里有个学习口标打学习方向。如果学习的是议论文单元，教师要让学生清晰地分析议论文的概念和分类标准，论题、论点分别是什么？这些如何准确地分辨？常见的精彩的议论文的结构都有哪些？把精彩的结构让学生记下来，日后口己写作可以方便运用。因此，在学习单元Z前先渗透知识点，再结合课文进行清晰的讲解。因为，这些文体方面的知识都是学生应该明确掌握的。二、利用多媒体增加语文教学优势（一）能够创设生动形象的教学牛动形象的动画设置能够激发学牛的学习兴趣、调动课堂气氛、也能把学生的注意力集中到课堂中來。初中学牛心理还处于尚未成熟的地步，在传统的语文教学方式中就是教师不停地讲解，这样一节课下来教师已经累得口干舌燥，中途还要分心想着怎样吸引学生的兴趣,所以知识还只是停昭在文化知识的静态层面上，学生也不能更加深刻地理解。这样的教学方式不仅耗费教师的精力，也逐渐让学生失去学习语文的兴趣。所以，利用多媒体能减轻教师的负担，减轻教师的讲解过程，节省时间，能让有限的课堂时间感受到无限的知识魅力。但更重要的一点是能更容易让学生理解学习内容、增强知识在脑海屮的印象。多媒体能够将声音、图像、文字、视频等有效地结合在一-起，将课本小原有的静态知识变得更加鲜活，也可以使那些枯燥乏味的知识变得更加爱灵动，好似音符欢乐而有序地飞进学牛的脑海屮。多媒体教学打破教师讲解的时空局限性，为学生打造出一•种轻 松学习、欢乐教学的氛围。(二)优化教学手段，提高语文教学效率教学改革的目的就是要求教师在新课程标准的要求卜，在保证完成教学任务的前提下,能够改善创新出新颖的更加适宜的教育方式及教育方法，从而达到优化课堂、使语文的教学质量得到相应提高的目的。在传统的语文教学方式屮，想耍完全讲明口一篇课文至少需要四节课时，有些篇幅过长的还需要更长的时间，这当屮除了一部分时间要给学生文章相关的课外常识外，人部分时间都是在板巧，时间耗费过长，在教师写板书的过程中，学生的学习实践就被缩减。然而运用多媒体教学后，就有效地减少教师板卩的占用吋间，利用计算机打破空间与吋间的局限性,讣学生更加直观地学习知识。这样的教学即使教师没冇太多语言，学生也能了然于胸。三、引导学生自主合作学习“众人拾柴火焰高”这句话师生都明通过合作可以廨采众长。这一方法主要是激发学生主动学习的动机，让学牛能够体验到与小伙伴一起学习的快乐，从而养成快乐学习的习惯。学习是学牛白身内部发牛的过程，一切教学行为都建立在学牛“想学”的基础之上，才能达到最佳的教学效果。除了能够培养学生口主学习的习惯，还能让他们切身地感受到合作的力量为从中获得的收益，让他们学会分享与付出。我这里强调的合作是要求学生在独立思考的基础上，采用集体讨论的方式来解答疑惑或分享见解，这样就对以集中集体智慧，在相同的时间里获得更多的知识。例如，学习《愚公移山》一文吋，让学生分组讨论在这篇文章中所学到的精神，大多数学生都会总结出主流的冇毅力、坚韧不拔等正能量精神，但是冇一组提出问题：“如果愚公把家搬走不是更方便？把山移走既没有效率，乂耽谋人力、物力。所以愚公精神并不值得提侣。”一石激起T层浪，在发生分歧的时候，我马上引导学生进行正确的讨论，让学生对这个问题的认识更加深刻，真止做到了自主学习。需要强调一点的是，在自主合作的学习过程中，教师要做到严格的把控，学生主体作用才能得到充分的发挥。四、总结总而言Z,初中语文教学中应始终坚持以学生为本，让学生自主快乐学习。教师在教学过程中，应从全方位入手，切实保证学生能学到实用的语文知识。关注初屮学生的身心健煤，切勿机械教学，影响学生心智正常发展。要双管齐下，学生既要掌握必备语文知识，乂要具备文学素养，只有这样才符合时代发展耍求的栋梁Z才。A,constancyofknowledgeaccumulation(a)basicknowledgeAttachesgreatimportaneetothesound,form,wordmeaning,literaryknowledgesuchasknowledgeaccumulation.Juniormiddleschoollanguagelearningorknowledgereservesstage,sothe accumulationofbasicknowledgeisstillthetoppriority,nochangeincoursestandard,thisisnotgoingtochange.ButrelativelyelementaryschoolIanguagelearning,shouldputthefocusshiftedtotheaccumulationofliterarysense・Instudyingfirst-yearjuniorhighschooltextbook,forexample,luxun'sessay,"thekite"inadditiontodemandthestudentsmastertheunfamiliarword,word,alsoshouldtakevariousmethodstocollecttheauthorrelatedinformationcontentandrelatedworksofluxun,enlargestudents'knowledge,becauseinthejuniormiddleschoolIanguagelearning,luxunisaveryimportantman,inthelaterstudywilloftenmeet,so,wanttostudyinjuniorhighschoolthestarttolayagoodfoundation,letthestudentswritedownnotes,printedinmymind,meetagaininthefuturerelatedarticlesofluxun,justforsimplesearchmemoriesagain.(2)knowledgeofstylisticsInadditiontopoetry,prose,articlesoralargepercentageoftheteachingmaterial,so,whetherteachersorstudentswithreceivingshouldhaveawarenessofthemostbasicunitofstructureandoverallframework・Clearlyexplaineacharticlestructureandstylealsoisadvantageoustothestudent'swriting,letthethinkingofwritingmoreclear.Forexample,theoverallframeworkofthisunitiswhat?Thisisthecarrierofafewarticles?Thisunitfocuseswww.maka7.comwww.zuoxuanroujian3.comonlearningwhatkindofstyle?Allwanttoadvaneeamacro,letsthestudentinthemindhavealearningtargetandlearningdirection.Ifiswhatunitoflearning,teachersshouldmakestudentsclearlyanalysistheconceptandclassificationofargument,argument,argumentsarerespectively?Howtoaccuratelyidentifythese?Commonbrilliantargumentstructureshave?Thewonderfulstructuredowntoletthestudents,theirwritingcanbeconvenienttouseinthefuture・Therefore,intheunitbeforepenetrationknowledge,coupledwiththetexttoexplainclearly.Becauseofthesestylisticknowledgearestudentsmastershouldbemade・Second,increaseduseofmultimediaIanguageteachingadvantages(a)tocreateavividimageoftheteachingVividanimationSettingscanstimulatestudents1interestinlearning,tomobilizetheclassroomatmosphere,alsocangetthestudents'attentiontotheclassroom・Juniorhighschoolstudents'mentaiisalsonotyetmature,inthetraditionalwayofChineseteachingistheteacherkepton,downaclassteacheristiredandthirsty,midwayalsodistractedthinkingabouthowtoattracttheinterestofstudents,soknowledgeisjuststayonthestaticlevelofculturalknowledge,studentscanmoredeeplyunderstand.Thiswayofteachingisnotonlyteacherexpenditureofenergy,alsoletthestudentsgraduallylostinterestinlearningChinese・So,usingmultimediacanreduceteachers'burden,reducetheteacher'sexplanationprocess,savetime,canletthelimitedclasstimefeeltheknowledgeoftheinfinitecharm.Butmoreimportantiseasytoletstudentsunderstandknowledgelearningcontent,enhaneetheimpressioninyourmind.Multimediatosounds,images,text,videoandothereffectivelytogether,theoriginalstaticknowledgeintextbookswillbecomemorevivid,alsocanmakethedullknowledgebecomemoreclever,loveislikeanotesjoyandorderlyflewintostudents'mind.Multimediateachingtobreaktheteacherexplainsthelimitationsoftimeandspace,createarelaxedlearningforstudents,happyteachingatmosphere.(2)theoptimizationofteachingmeans,improvetheefficiencyofChineseteachingIsthepurposeofteachingreformrequiresteachersunderthenewcurriculumstandardrequest,onthepremiseofguaranteetocompletetheteachingtask,canimprovetheinnovativenewmore appropriatewayofeducationandtheeducationmethod,soastoachieveoptimizationofclassroom,maketheIanguageofthepurposeoftheteachingqualitybeimproved.InthetraditionalwayofChineseteaching,tofullyexplainatextneedatleastfourclasshour;somelengthtoolongalsoneedaIongertime,exceptforsometimeofthisarticlerelatedtothestudent'sextracurricularknowledge,mostofthetimeinblackboardwriting,timeconsumingistooIong,intheprocessofteachers'writingblackboardwriting,students'practiceisreduced・Afterapplyingmultimediateaching,however,caneffectivelyreducetheelapsedtimeteacherblackboardwriting,usingcomputertobreakthelimitationsofspaceandtime,letthestudentsmoreintuitivetolearnknowledge.SuchteachingevenifnottoomanyIanguageteachers,studentscanalsoclear.Third,guidestudentstoindependentcooperativelearningHEveryonefirewoodflamehigh1'thissentencebetweenteachersandstudentsunderstandthatcanbefedthroughcooperation.Thismethodismainlytomotivatestudents'activelearningmotivation,letthestudentstolearntogetherwithfriendcanexperieneethejoy,soastoformthehabitofhappylearning.LearningisaprocessofstudentswithirallteachingbehaviorbasedonstudentsHwanttolearrV：toachievethebestteachingeffect.Inadditiontobeingabletocultivatethehabitofstudents*autonomouslearning,butalsomakethemtrulyfeelthepowerofpartnershipsandgainprofit,letthemlearntoshareandgive・Icooperationemphasishereisonthestudentsonthebasisofindependentthinking,adoptthewayofcollectivediscussiontoanswerortoshareinsights,soyoucanfocusonthecollectivewisdom,inthesametimetoobtainmoreknowledge.Learn,forexample,"yugongyishan笃letsthestudentgroupdiscussioninthisarticlehavelearnedthespiritofmostofthestudentswillcometotheconclusionthatthemainstreamhasthespiritofpositiveenergy,suchasperseveranee,tenacity,butthereisasetofquestions:"ifyuMr.Isn'titeasierwww.yulematou.comwww.l4se.netformovingaway?Themountainremovedneitherefficiencyandwasteofmanpowerandmaterialresources・Sothespiritofyugongisn'tworthadvocating.11Astoneup,intheeventofdisagreement,guidesthestudenttodiscussthecorrectrightaway,Iletthestudentsunderstandingoftheproblemmoredeeply,trulyautonomouslearning.Needtoemphasizeisthatintheprocessofautonomouscooperationlearning,theteachermustbestrictcontrol,students1mainbodyroletogetsufficientplay・Four,Tosumup,inthejuniormiddleschoolChineseteachingshouldalwaysadheretothestudentasthis,letthestudentshappytolearnindependently.Teachersintheteachingprocess,shouldbecomprehensiv巳practicalandensurethatstudentscanlearnpracticalknowledgeoflanguage.Payattentiontothejuniormiddleschoolstudents"physicalandmentaihealth,donotmechanicalteaching,affectthenormalstudents1mentaidevelopment.Todoboth,thestudentisnecessarytomastertheIanguageknowledge,andtohaveliteraryaccomplishment,onlyinthiswaytomeettherequirementsofTheTimesdevelopmentpillarsjust.
