大管轮面试英语

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大管轮面试问题及参考答案大管轮是轮机部非常重要的管理人员，因此船东对大管轮的而试和挑选非常重视。大管轮的而试一船集中在日常部门管理能力和轮机长的配合能力、服从意识，以及关于主、辅机、舵机以及甲板机械等机器设备的管理和保养等方面。同吋，还要大管轮了解《国际安全管理规则》(ISM)的相关知识。1・WhataretheresponsibilitiesoftheFirstEngineeronboardaship?TheFirstEngineerisundertheleadershipoftheChiefEngineer.Heisresponsibleforthefollowing.(1)Day-to-dayrunningoftheEngineroom.(2)ManagementoftheEnginedepartmentpersonnel.(3)SafetymattersintheEngineroom.(4)Allmaintenaneeandrepairjobsonboardship(5)Themainengineanditsauxiliaryequipment,steeringgears,emergencyequipmentsinengineroom,etc.(6)MakingandimplementingthePMS(PlannedMaintenanceSystem)(7)Requisitionfor,receiptandcontrolofsparepartsandstores(8)Supervisionofthejobsofenginecrew.(9)Keepingwatchfrom0400to0800andfrom1600to2000exceptforUMSoperation.2.WhatisyouremergencypositionontheMusterListonyourlastvessel?Icontrolandoperatethemainengineexceptfortheabandon-shipandfireinengineroomemergencysituations.3.Canyoudescribeanemergencysituationyoueverencounteredonboardships?No,Ihavenevermetanyemergencysituationbeforenow.4.Whichmachineriesandspacepartsshouldbeunderyourcharge?Ishouldberesponsibleforthemainengine,theservicepumpsformainengine,steeringgear,accommodationaircondition,provisionofrefrigeratorandtheemergencyequipments.丨shouldalsopreparemaintenancereports,fueloilandlubricationoilsamplesanalysis,inventoryreportofspareparts,storeandsparepartsrequisitions,etc.5.Describetheproceduretostartafreshwatergenerator,boiler,emergencygenerator?Incaseoffreshwatergenerator:(1)Checkthevalvestomakesurethattheyareinthenormalposition(2)Opentheseawatervalvesofcondenserandsupplyseawatertoheatingchamber(3)Starttheseawaterejectorpumptodrawoutthevacuumuntiltheheatingchambervacuumreaches93%(about700mmHg)(4)Openthewaterheatingvalvesandkeeptheheatingchambertemperaturearound45degreesCentigrade(5)Whenthecondensedwaterreachesacertainlevel,startthedistilledwaterpump,andkeepitspressurenolessthan0.2MPa.(6)Startchemicalliquidfeedpump.Incaseofautomaticboiler:(1)Checkthewaterleveltomakesurethereisnormalvolumeofwaterinside(2)Opentheventvalveontopoftheboiler(ifitisfirsttimetoraisepressurefromcoldcondition)(3)Confirmtheboilerwatersupplypumpsarein“Auto”condition(4)Switchonthepowersupply(5)Puttheboilercontrolswitchin“Auto”condition(6)Automaticallystarttheboiler,closetheairventvalvewhiletheboilersteampressurereaches0.02MPa.(7)Confirmtheboilercanautostopwhileitpressurereaches“highlimitn(e.g.0.7MPa)Incaseofmanualboiler(1)Checkthewaterleveltomakesurethereisnormalvolumeofwaterinsideandputthefeedwaterpumpin“Auto”position (1)Opentheventvalveontopoftheboiler(ifitisfirsttimeraisepressurefromcoldcondition)(2)Putthedraftfanin“Manual”position,andmakepreventiveblowtoavoidanypossibleexplosion(3)Putthefueloilpumpin“Manual”position(4)Ignitefirebypressingthemanualbutton,ifthefire“On”，putvalve(5)Whenthesteampressurereachesto0.1MPa,closetheairventvalve(6)Aftermakingsurethateverythingisinorder,thenormalburningcanbedonetomakethesteampressurereachrequiredlevelIncaseofemergencygenerator(1)Checkthelubeoillevelinthecrankcaseandfueloillevelinthetankallinnormallevel(2)Checktoseeifthereisanyleakage(3)Checktheairpressureifthegeneratoristheair-startedmodel;orcheckthebatteryvoltagetoseewhetheritisnormalifthegeneratorisofthebatterystartmodel(4)Alsomakesuretherearen'tanyobstaclesaroundthemachine.(5)Putthetestswitchin“Manual”position,andmanuallystartitaftermakingsurethatabove-mentioneditemsinorder(6)Ifyouuse“Autotestnmodel,or“Blackout”modeltotesttheemergencygenerator,youmustinformbridgedutyofficerandChiefEngineer.Andyoucannotcarryituntilyougetthepermitfrombothofthem.Otherwise,youmustwait(7)"Autotest"mustbecarriedoutonceeverymonth."Blackout"testmustbecarriedoutonceevery3months2.Whenthemainenginecannotstartedbythecompressedair,whatarethepossiblecauses?Theremaybethefollowingcauses(1)Airpressureistoolow(2)Theturninggearisstillengaged(3)Theremaybeoperationalfault(4)Someofthehighinjectionpumpsaresticked(5)Nofueloilduetothefactthatthefuelvalveisnotopenorthefuelpumpisnotrunning(6)Relativelockedduetosomesafetydeviceactions(7)AirdistributortiminghasbeenwrongEtc.3.Whenmainenginestopsafterrunningawhile,whatarethepossiblecauses?Thefollowingreasonsmayleadtotheproblem:(1)Someofthehighinjectionpumpsaresticked(2)Thereisnofueloilbecausevalveisnotopenorthefuelpumpisnotrunning(3)Lubeoilpressureistoolow,orcontrolairpressureistoolow4.Whatisthepurposeoftakinglubeoilsamplesforanalysis?Byanalyzingthelubeoilsample,wewanttoknowwhetherthelubeoilmeetsthestipulatedstandardsinviscosity,TBN(totalbasenumber),flashpoint,watercontents,mechanicimpuritiesetc..Ifimpurities(i.e・metals)arefound,itmeanssomethingwrongwiththebearingandcrankshaft.Iftheviscosityislowerthanthestandard,itmaymeanthatfueloilmayhaveleakedintothelubeoilsystem.Toomuchfueloilinthelubeoilsystemcanlowertheflashpointofthelubeandalsomayleadtopossibleexplosion.TheimportantfigureisTBN.IftheTBNislowerthanthestandard,itmeansthelossoftheanti-acidabilityandthiswillleadtothemovingpartscorrosiveinthenearfuture.5.Whatarethethingsyouneedtotakenoteduringthehandover(beforeyousignoff)?TheoutgoingFirstEngineershallprepareasetofhandovernotesfortheincomingFirstEngineerandshallasktheincomingFirstEngineerbefamiliarwiththenotecontents.OnecopyofthehandovernoteswiththeirsignaturesshallbegiventotheChiefEngineerforfile.Ingeneralthehandoverprocedureshallineludethefollowing (1)Atouroftheengineroom,withviewoftheengines,documentsandequipments(2)Discussiononcurrentandfutureengineandmachine'soperationproblems,sparepartrequirement(3)Informationonthemaintenaneeworkandprogram(4)Drydockrepairlist,ifthereifany(5)Discussiononthejuniorengineersorcrew'scapacityandpersonalities(6)Surveystatusandrequirements(7)Storeandstatusoftheship'ssafetyequipmentandmachines(8)Currentstatusoftheship'ssafetyequipmentsandmachines(9)Safetyandenvironmentprotectionproceduresandanyspecialrequirementbythecompanyandinsomeareasintheworld(10)DisciplinaryproceduresandmanagementpracticeintheEnginedepartment(11)AnyothermattersthattheoutgoingFirstEngineerthinksnecessaryandimportantAfterthehandover,thetwoFirstEngineersshouldsignalltheHandoverChecklistasevidenceandforfiles.大管轮也是船上特别是轮机部非常重要的职位，所以交接班非常重要。2.Beforeandafteranyhotworksiscarriedout,whatarethesafetyprecautionsyoutake?(1)Anapplicationofhotworkpermitmustmadebeforethiskindofworkisdone.Onecopyshallbeputonhotworkspot,andanothercopyinship'sfile(2)Makesurethatyouaresuitablyequippedandclothed(3)Observecarefullytoseewhethertheweather,andthetemperaturearefitforfirework(4)Seewhetherthefiredpartanditsvicinityhaveanypotentialinflammablematerialsortoxicgasesthatcanariseanyfireorpoisoningdisaster.Makesurethatthehotworkspotiscleanedandisfreefromsuchthinsasdieseloil,kerosene,paint,cleanersorthinners.(5)Andmakesurethatyouhaveenoughextinguisherequipmentavailable.(6)Whenthehotworkisdone,makesurethefiremenarestandingbyforanyemergency(7)Afterthefireworkisdone,checkcarefullywhetheranyinflammablethingsareleft(8)Askoneortwopersontowatchcarefullyforaperiodtimeuntilyouaresurethattherewillnotbeanyinflammationorignitionafteryouleavethespot.3.Whatkindofworkbelongstohotwork?Whenareyounotallowedtodohotwork?Hotworkreferstoalltheworkinvolvinghightemperature,openflames,orsparksthatcancauseignitionofcombustiblegases,vapor,orliquidinvicinitywheresuchisdone・Thiskindofworkineludeselectricandgasweldingandcuttingorburning,grinding,metalchipping,sandblasting/gritblasting,workwithsparkscausedbyfallingorhitting,workwithelectricsparks,otherworkwithhightemperatureetc.Underthefollowingcircumstances,hotworkisforbidden:(1)Anywhereontheshipduringcargooperation,whenhandlingflammablecargoesunlesstheshiphasgotpermissionfromtheterminalandportauthority(2)Anywhereandanytimeduringthebunkering(3)Inenclosedpacesorwhereatmosphereissuspicious(4)Wherepaintingworkisunderwayatsametime(5)Whereunsafefactorsaresuspected4.Howdoyoucarryoutgastestingandhowdoyoutesttheexplosion?Iusethegastestertodetectthegascompositecontent.Inthevicinityoftheplacestobetested,theflammablegascontentshouldnotmorethanthelimitedfigure,andnocombustivematerialsareavailabletoavoidanyfire.5.Pleasexplainthemeaningof“SOPEP”？WhatcontentsshouldbeincludedintheSOPEP?SOPEPmeansShipboardOilPollutionEmergencyPlananditshouldcontainthefollowing: (1)ProcedurestobefollowedbytheMasterorotherpersonsinchargeoftheshiptoreportanoilpollutionincident.(2)Authorityorpersontobecontactedintheeventofoilpollution.(3)Detaileddescriptionofactionstobetakenimmediatelybypersonsonboardtoreduceorcontrolthedischargeofoilfollowingincident.(4)Listofoilspillresponseequipmentandmaterialstobemaintainedonboard.(Removers,sprayer,oilabsorbent,sawdust,san,d,wasterags,scoop,shovels,buckets,bamboobrooms,portablepump,protectiveclothing,andportablecontainers).Simplespeaking,SOPEPshouldsuchthingsastheemergencycontacts(telephoneandothermeansofcommunication,address,etc.),theequipmentusedindealingwithoilpollution,themusterlistintheoilpollution,andthereportprocedurewhentheaccidenthappens,ect.2.WhatistheISMCode?WhatistheSMS?WhatcontentsarethereintheISMcode?ISMmeansInternationalManagementCodefortheSafeOperationofShipsandforPollutionPrevention.TheISMcodeincludes16chaptersfallingintotwoparts:implementationofPartOne,andverificationandcertificationofPartTwo.The16chaptersare:general,safetyandenvironmentprotectionpolicy,companyresponsibilitiesandauthority,designatedperson(s),master'sresponsibilitiesandauthority,resourcesandpersonnel,developmentofplansforshipboardoperation,emergencypreparedness,reportsandanalysisofnon-conformity,accidentsandhazardousoccurrences,maintenanceoftheshipandequipment,documentation,companyverification,reviewandevaluation,certificationandverificationsandcontrol,certificationandperiodicalverification,verification,interimcertification,andformsofcertificates.ThelastfourchaptersarenewlyaddedinthenewversionofISMCode.SMSmeanssafetymanagementsystem,andthissystemismadbasedonthe16elementsofISMCode,whichisacompulsorypartSOLAS74.TheshipownerormanagercannotgetDocumentofCompliance(DOC)andSMCwithoutauditedSafetyManagement(SMC)byClassdesignatedbytheflagregistrycountryadministration.3.WhatdoObservation,Non-conformityandMajornon-conformityintheISMCodemeanrespectively?Observationmeansastatementoffactmadeduringasafetymanagementauditandsubstantiatedbyobjectiveevidence・Non-conformitymeansandobservedsituationwhereobjectiveevidenceindicatesthenonfulfillmentofaspecifiedrequirement.Majornon-conformitymeansanidentifiabledeviationthatposesaseriousthreattothesafetyofpersonnelortheshiporaseriousrisktotheenvironmentthatrequiresimmediatecorrectiveactionandineludesthelackofeffectiveandsystematicimplementationofarequirementofthisCode・(摘自新ISMCode原文)以上内容不一定要非常准确详细地背诵，但至少要知道大致的内容，尤其要知道，ISM规则是变化的、开放的国际公约，其内容经常进行修改和增加。此外，随着ISM规则的改变，各船东和管理公司对SMS也要进行相应的修改和补充。4.Whatranksshouldnotbeallowedshoreleaveatthesametime?Inviewofthejobsonboard,thefollowingpositionandrankscannotbeallowedtohaveshoreleaveatthesametime:theMasterandtheChiefOfficer;theChiefEngineerandFirstEngineer;theChiefEngineerandElectrician;theBosunandPumpman(intankers);theChiefCookandSecondCook(ormessboy);theChiefOfficerandPumpman(intankers).Anycrewwhowantsshoreleavemustcheckwiththedepartmentheadforpermissionandreturntothevesselontime.5.Whatisthemaximumbloodalcoholconcentration(BAC)rateonboard?AccordingtotheSTCW95,theBACshallnotbemorethan0.08%byweightanytimewhenbeingtested,buttheCFR(CodeofFederalRegulations)requirestheBACtobenomorethan0.04%.Watch-keepersarenotallowedtodrinkanyalcoholicbeverage4hoursbeforetheirwatch.6.Whenyouarekeepingthewatch,whatshouldyoubecarefulabout?Inordertoensurethenormaloperationoftheengines,Ishould (1)Keepclosedwatchonthefueloilandlubeoilconditions(2)Bealertonanypossibleproblemsarisingfromabnormaltemperature,leakage,orsomeotherproblems(3)Becarefulaboutthoseabnormalnoises(4)Makeaquickjudgmentifhearingabnormalnoisesfrommachines,andreportthemtotheChiefEngineeroreventhemasterimmediatelyifthenoisesareveryseriousandImyselfcannotdealwithit(5)ObeytherulesofthecompanyandtheinspectionsfromChiefEngineer,Masterandsomewarningsfromthedeckdepartment.2.WhatshouldaMusterListinclude?WhatkindofMusterListsdidyouhaveonthelastvessel?TheMusterListshouldineludethefollowingcontents(1)Detailsofemergencyalarmsignal(2)Howship-abandonwillbegiven(3)Substitutesforthekeypersonnelwhomaybecomedisabledonboard(4)Specifytheboattowhicheachpersonbelongsanddutiestobeperformedbyabandonshipsituation(5)Thespecificgrouptowhichpersonbelongsandgeneraldutiesduringvariousemergencies(6)Anyadditionalorspecificduties(7)SpecificassemblypointofeachgroupTheMusterListmustbereadybeforetheship'ssailingWehadthefollowingseparateMusterListsonboardthelastvessel:Generalemergency,firefighting,fireintheengineroom,emergencysteering,abandon-ship,manoverboard,oilpollution,andsoon.3.Whatpreparationsshouldyoumakebeforeentryintoport?Thepreparationsineludethefollowing.(1)Standbythemainengine(includingtestengineahead/asternbyremotecontrolandemergencylocalcontrol).(2)Startgeneratorandcheckpowersupplyandcompressedair(3)Testemergencygeneratorandemergencysteeringgear(4)Checkallthecargogearsinaccordaneewiththerequirementsfromthebridge(5)Reportfueloilandfreshwaterquantity,drainoutwaterfromfueloiltanks/airbottlesandtestalarmsystemandmonitorsystem(6)Changefueloiltodieseloilifneeded,reducethespeedofmainenginetoharborspeed(7)Testthetelegraph,correctclocksbetweenbridgeandengineroom(8)Makesomeotherpreparationsaccordingto“prepareforarrivalportchecklist"AccordingtoUSCGregulations,themainenginetestmustbecarriedoutwithin12hoursbeforearrivalEmergencygeneratorandemergencysteeringgeartestmustbecarriedoutwithin48hoursbeforearrival.尽管各个公司的SMS手册对此项工作有不同的规定，但可能是大同小异。4.Howwouldyoubalanceyourengineaftertakingpowerdiagram?WhatistheuseofVIT?Thisisdonebyadjustmentoftheindividualpumprocks(onfuelinjectionpump).Itisusuallycarriedoutaftercarefulanalysisoftheresultsofthepowerdiagram(indicatorcards)whereinwecandecidewhichunitsneedadjustment.Exhausttemperatureshavetobecarefullymonitoredsincethiswillnearly7indicatethePmaxcondition.Pumprackscaleshouldbelimitedtowithin3mmdeviation.Ifafteradjustmentandresultsarenegative,componentsuchaspistonring,fuelinjectionpump,exhaustvalves,etc.,havetobeinspectedatfirstopportunity. VITorVariableInjectionTimingisadevicefurtherincorporatedonfuelinjectionpumptoautomaticallyadjustPmaxbychangingthepositionofthepumpbarrel(changesthepumptiming),whichinturncontroltheamountoffueldelivered.Itisusuallyadvantageousduringroughweatherconditionwhereabruptloadchangesoccurandsoproperloaddistributionsamongcylindersaremaintained.2.Areyoufamiliarwiththefollowingengineoverhaulingwork:mainengineoverhaul,turbochargeroverhaul,mainbearingandcrankpinbearingoverhaul,andsafetyequipmentsurvey?Beforeoverhaulingworkisdone,whatpreparationsshouldyoumake?Iamveryfamiliarwiththeoverhaulingworkoftheenginesmentionedabove.)/)/)/)/)z)/—/1234567d€/(//