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1、宫东风老师英汉对照B计划第1篇FirstwatermapofEarth'sleakysurface[1]Thefirst-everglobalsurveymapofEarth'spermeabilityisdone:essentially,howleakyitis.Itshowshoweasilywaterpassesthroughsurfacerocks,whichwillhelpusunderstandtheplanet'swatercycleandpredictthesustainabil
2、ityofundergroundwatersources.[2]Crucially,itcouldhelprevealthehiddenundergroundmovementsof99percentofunfrozenfreshwater-waterwhichisnottakenintoaccountincomputermodelsusedtopredicttheclimate.[3]ThemapwasputtogetherbyTomGleesonoftheUniversityofBritish
3、ColumbiainCanada,andhiscolleagues.Theyassembleddataonthekindsofrocksfoundindifferentregions,and,usinginformationonhowpermeableeachtypeofrockis,calculatedhowleakydifferentregionsare.[4]Permeabilityvariesover13ordersofmagnitude,sothefiguresarenotverypr
4、ecise,buttheyofferaroughpicture.Gleesonsaysthemapshouldhelphydrologiststoworkouthowmuchgroundwatermovesfromonebasinoraquifertoanother,whichisimportantifthewateristobemanagedsustainably.[5]Atthemomentwedon'tknowhowmuchwaterishidingunderground,orwherei
5、tis.Asaresult,groundwatergetsleftoutofclimatemodels.Gleesonsaysthatisasignificantomission,asthemovementsofgroundwatercouldwellaffectregionalclimate:[6
6、Groundwatermakesup99percentofthefreshunfrozenwateronEarth.Thathugestorecouldsomehowmodulatetheclima
7、te.Theremaybereallycomplexinteractionsthatwedon'tappreciate.[7]Themapisa"verygoodfirststep”,saysRichardTaylorofUniversityCollegeLondon.HoweverhesaysthefiguresforNorthAmericaarethemostreliable,becausethatareahasbeenheavilystudied,whereasthosefortheres
8、toftheworldaremorescanty.全球首张水渗透性地图绘就[1]全球笫一张显示地表渗透性的地图绘就:从本质上讲,就是地面渗水程度。它显示出水通过地表向下渗透的容易程度,这将有助于我们了解地球的水循环系统,并能对地下水资源的可持续程度进行预测。[2]重要的是,这将有助于人们了解九成以上不冻淡水在地下的流动规律,这些水资源在预测气候变化的计算机模拟中并没有成为考虑因素。[3]这张地图是由加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚大学的汤姆•格利森和他的同事共同完成的。他们收集世界各地不同岩石的数据,通过每
9、种岩石的渗透性信息计算得出该地区的渗透性。[4]渗透性程度大小有13个级别,所以这些数据并不是特别精确,但也能够提供一个大致情况。格利森说,该图可以帮助水文工作者计算出地下水从一片区域或含水层向其他区域的流动量,这对保护水资源可持续发展至关重要。GONGDONGFENG[5]目前,我们并不能确定地下蕴含多少水资源,也不清楚这些水资源的分布。因此,地下水并没有成为衡量气候变化的模式。格利森说,这是个重大遗漏,因为地下水运动在很大程度上能影响区域气候。[6]地下水在全球不冻淡水资源中占了99%的部分