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1、MissZhangClass14Basicwriting(基本五大句型)句子成分:组成句子的成分叫做句子的成分,即:主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。主语:1.LucyisanAmericangirl.2.WestudyinQienMiddleSchool.3.Sheismysister.4.Theyarehavingclassnow.5.Eatingmorevegetablesisgoodforhealth.6.Togotocollegeismydream.主语在句子说明的人或事物,一般由名词、代词、动名词或不定式短语来充当。谓语:1.WeloveChina.2.M
2、ikehopestobeadoctor.3.Hisparentsarefarmers.4.Ifeeltired.谓语说明主语做了什么,是什么,怎么样。谓语由动词充当,主要可分为两种:及物动词(vt)和不及物动词(vi)。宾语:1.Heoftenhelpsme.2.WestudyEnglishatschool.3.IlovewatchingTV.4.Hebrokehislegslastnight.宾语表示动作的承受者,一般由名词,代词,不定式,动名词来充当。表语:1.Herauntisadriver.2.Heisexcited.3.Wewereathomelastnight.4.Th
3、eseZongzitastedelicious.5.Theflowerslookbeautiful.位于系动词后的成分成为表语,一般由名词、代词、形容词、介词短语充当。1.系动词be。2.表感官的系动词。如look,sound,taste,smell,feel,seem,appear等.3.表变化的系动词。如become,get,turn,grow,come,go,fall,run等。4.表持续的系动词。如remain,keep,stay,stand,rest,lie,hold等。5.可带名词作表语的系动词。如be,become,sound,prove,remain等。系动词:定语
4、:1.Heisacleverboy.2.Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.3.ChinaisadevelopingcountrywhiletheUSAisadevelopedone.4.Isthisawashingmachine?.定语是用来修饰名词、代词成分,若置于被修饰语后面则称为后置定语。一般由形容词、名词或非谓语形式等来充当。宾语补足语:1.Hemadeuslaugh.2.Wekeeptheclassroomclean.3.Theycallsupperdinner.4.Heaskedhertohelp.宾语补足语用来补充说明宾语的身份,状态和
5、特征等,一般由形容词、名词,非谓语形式等来充当。五大基本句型1.主+系+表(S+V+P)1.Wearefriends.2.Heisingoodhealth.3.Itsoundsagoodidea.4.Thebookisboring.Herdreamistobecomealawyer.ThereasonformyfailureisthatIhadn’tputmyheartinmystudy.请用“主语+系动词+表语”句型翻译下列句子。这个男子是中国人。2.怀特先生很健康。3.电梯坏了。4.她感到很开心。5.她的工作是在幼儿园照顾孩子。ThemanisChinese.Mr.Whitei
6、sveryhealthy.Theliftisoutoforder.Shefeelsveryhappy.Herjobistolookafterchildreninthekindergarten.2.主+谓(S+V)1.Theyarrived.2.Thesunrises.3.Anaccidenthappened.4.IliveinLufeng.Hetalkedtomejustnow.请用“主语+不及物动词”的句型翻译下列句子。昨晚下雨了。2.我们努力学习。3.四年前我住在广州。4.2008年5月12日,四川汶川发生了一场大地震。Itrainedlastnight.Westudyhard
7、.IlivedinGuangzhoufouryearsago.AnbigearthquakebrokeoutinWenchuanSichuanProvinceonMay12,2008..3.主+谓+宾(S+V+O)Maryenjoysmusic.2.Helovesher.3.Iwanttogetyourhelp.4.Theoldmanenjoyslivinginthecountryside.5.Idon’tthinkhe’sright请用“主语+及物动词+宾语”句型翻