脑垂体解剖及病变

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1、TheRadiologyAssistantHomeAbdomenBreastCardiovascularChestHeadNeckMusculoskeletalPediatricsNeuroradiologyMiscellaneousCasesTopSitesNewsletterSellaTurcicaandParasellarRegionbyWalterKucharczykandMariekeHazewinkelRadiologydepartmentoftheUniversityofToronto,Canadaan

2、dtheRadiologydepartmenttheMedicalCentreAlkmaar,theNetherlands·AnatomicApproachtoDifferentialDiagnosis·PituitaryMicroadenoma·PituitaryMacroadenoma·RathkeCleftCyst·Craniopharyngioma·Meningioma·Aneurysm·AneurysmvsMeningioma·Hamartoma·HypothalamicandChiasmGlioma·Ge

3、rminoma·Chordoma·Metastasesbacktooverview   printPublicationdate:10-8-2008ThisreviewisbasedonapresentationgivenbyWalterKucharczykaandwasadaptedfortheRadiologyAssistantbyMariekeHazewinkel.Inthisreviewasystematicanatomicapproachtodifferentialdiagnosisofasellarorp

4、arasellarmassisdescribed.Byclickingononeofthesubjectsinthelistontheleft,youwillgodirectlytothisitem.Ifyouhaveprintingproblemswiththemarginsofthedocument,youmayhavetoadjustthemarginsinthepagesetupofyourinternetbrowser,whichyouwillfindinthetopleftofthemenubar. An

5、atomicApproachtoDifferentialDiagnosisInordertoanalyzeasellarorparasellarmassonMRIweusethefollowinganatomicapproach:1.Firstidentifythepituitaryglandandsellaturcica.2.Thendeterminetheepicenterofthelesionandwhetheritisinthesellaorabove,beloworlateraltothesella.3.I

6、fitisinthesella,determinewhetherornotthesellaisenlarged.4.Oncethelocationofthemassisclear,analyzethesignalintensitypatterns:isthelesioncysticorsolid?5.Doesitcontainanyabnormalvessels?6.Arethereanycalcifications?Andsoon.7.FinallyestablishaDifferentialDiagnosis.P

7、ituitaryglandOnacoronalsectionthroughthebrainthereferencestructureisthepituitaryglandwhichliesinthesellaturcica.Itisusuallylargerinfemalesthaninmales-infemalesthesuperiorbordertendstobeconvex,whereasinmalesitisusuallyconcave.Themostcommonabnormalitiesthatarisei

8、nthepituitaryglandarepituitaryadenoma,Rathke'scleftcystandcraniopharyngioma.PituitarystalkThenextstructuretoidentifyisthepituitarystalk.Thisisaverticallyorientedstructurewhi