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1、U.S.SupremeCourtPLESSYv.FERGUSON,163U.S.537(1896)163U.S.537PLESSYv.FERGUSON.No.210.May18,1896.[163U.S.537,538] ThiswasapetitionforwritsofprohibitionandcertiorarioriginallyfiledinthesupremecourtofthestatebyPlessy,theplaintiffinerror,againsttheHon.JohnH.Ferguson,ju
2、dgeofthecriminaldistrictcourtfortheparishofOrleans,andsettingforth,insubstance,thefollowingfacts:ThatpetitionerwasacitizenoftheUnitedStatesandaresidentofthestateofLouisiana,ofmixeddescent,intheproportionofseven-eghthsCaucasianandone-eighthAfricanblood;thatthemixt
3、ureofcoloredbloodwasnotdiscernibleinhim,andthathewasentitledtoeveryrecognition,right,privilege,andimmunitysecuredtothecitizensoftheUnitedStatesofthewhiteracebyitsconstitutionandlaws;thatonJune7,1892,heengagedandpaidforafirst-classpassageontheEastLouisianaRailway,
4、fromNewOrleanstoCovington,inthesamestate,andthereuponenteredapassengertrain,andtookpossessionofavacantseatinacoachwherepassengersofthewhiteracewereaccommodated;thatsuchrailroadcompanywasincorporatedbythelawsofLouisianaasacommoncarrier,andwasnotauthorizedtodisting
5、uishbetweencitizensaccordingtotheirrace,but,notwithstandingthis,petitionerwasrequiredbytheconductor,underpenaltyofejectionfromsaidtrainandimprisonment,tovacatesaidcoach,andoccupyanotherseat,inacoachassignedbysaidcompanyforpersonsnotofthewhiterace,andfornootherrea
6、sonthanthatpetitionerwasofthecoloredrace;that,uponpetitioner'srefusaltocomplywithsuchorder,hewas,withtheaidofapoliceofficer,forciblyejectedfromsaidcoach,andhurriedoffto,andimprisonedin,theparishjailof[163U.S.537,539] NewOrleans,andthereheldtoanswerachargemadebysu
7、chofficertotheeffectthathewasguiltyofhavingcriminallyviolatedanactofthegeneralassemblyofthestate,approvedJuly10,1890,insuchcasemadeandprovided.Thepetitionerwassubsequentlybroughtbeforetherecorderofthecityforpreliminaryexamination,andcommittedfortrialtothecriminal
8、districtcourtfortheparishofOrleans,whereaninformationwasfiledagainsthiminthematterabovesetforth,foraviolationoftheaboveact,whichactthepetitioneraffirmedtobenul
