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1、集水區上游溪流整治率之硏究•以頭汴坑集水區爲例劉佳芳⑴鄧英慧⑵周文杰⑶摘要本硏究是以地理資訊系統配合影像處理技術，分析頭汴坑集水區之地文及水文特性,並將各項參數之資料自動轉成農業非點源污染模式之資料格式；用以評估集水區逕流水質、水量、與泥砂產量，供集水區溪流整治規畫設計之參考，所得結果摘述如下：子集水區自動判識，可分段計算河道安全與合理之斷面。農業非點源污染模式之地表覆蓋因子(C)，可利用衛星影像資料計算集水區之常態差異植生指標(NormalizedDifferenceVegetationIndex,NDVI)；經線性反向配置後(植生覆蓋濃密之林
2、地爲0.001；崩塌裸地爲1.0)，可估算集水區內各小區之地表覆蓋因子，免除資料缺乏或主觀上不合理之認定。農業非點源污染模式係採用單場暴雨爲評估基準,雖無法有效的評估集水區之年土壤流失量，惟可模擬設計頻率年之降雨強度,推算集水區各河段之逕流與土砂生產量,供溪流整治之參考。關鍵字：地理資訊系統、農業非點源污染模式、常態差異植生指標立中興大學水土保持學系碩士生⑵：台灣電力公司發電處水土保持專業工程師⑶：中華大學土木系講師Thereconstructiverateofheadwaterstreams:AcasestudyontheTou・Bian-Ke
3、ngwatershedChia-FangLiu(1)Ying-huiTeng⑵Wen-ChiehChou⑶⑴：DepartmentofSoilandWaterConservation,NationalChung-HsingUniversity,Taichung,Taiwan,ROC.⑵：ProfessionalEngineerofSoil&WaterConservation,DepartmentofPowerProduction，TaiwanPowerCompany⑶：DepartmentofcivilEngineering,ChungHuaUn
4、iversity,Hsinchu,Taiwan,ROC・ABSTRACTBasedonthegeographicinformationsystemcoupledwithsatelliteimageanalysistechnology,thisstudyestablishedanautomaticdelineationsystemtotransformthewatershedtopographicandhydrologicdataintotherequiredagriculturalnon-pointsourcepollutioninformati
5、on.Thebasincharacteristicsforevaluatingrunoffquality,quantity,andsedimentyieldcanbeobtainedbythesystemandtoprovidebasicdesigningreferencesforheadwaterstreamsreconstruction.Theresultsobtainedarepresentedasfollows.Thereasonableandstablestreamprofilescanbeobtainedusingsub-waters
6、hedautomaticdelineation.Thesurfacecoverfactor(C)intheagriculturalnon-pointsourcepollutionmodelcanbeacquiredbythecalculationofnormalizeddifferencevegetationindex(NDVI)andtheusingsatelliteimagelinearreversetransformationtransformation(densevegetationcoverforforestlandis0.001;la
7、ndslidebaresoilis1.0).Thelandcovercharacteristicderivedfromthismethodiscapableofavoidingthedeficiencycausedbythelackofdatabaseandtheirrationaldiscriminationsubjectively.Theagriculturalnon-pointsourcepollutionmodelisbasedonsingleevent,soitisunabletoevaluatetheyearlytotalsoillo
8、ssquantityofthewatershed.However,therunoffandsedimentyieldforeachstr
