ch01_History, Theory, and Research Strate

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1、DevelopmentThroughtheLifespanChapter1History,Theory,andResearchStrategiesThismultimediaproductanditscontentsareprotectedundercopyrightlaw.Thefollowingareprohibitedbylaw:Anypublicperformanceordisplay,includingtransmissionofanyimageoveranetwork;Preparationofanyderivativework,includingtheextrac

2、tion,inwholeorinpart,ofanyimages;Anyrental,lease,orlendingoftheprogram.Copyright©Allyn&Bacon2007HumanDevelopmentStudyingChangeConstancythroughoutthelifespanCopyright©Allyn&Bacon2007TheFieldofHumanDevelopmentScientificAppliedInterdisciplinaryCopyright©Allyn&Bacon2007TheoryAnorderly,integrated

3、setofstatementsthatDescribesExplainsPredictsBehaviorCopyright©Allyn&Bacon2007BasicIssuesinDevelopmentContinuousordiscontinuous?Onecourseofdevelopmentormany?Natureornurture?Copyright©Allyn&Bacon2007BasicIssues:ContinuousorDiscontinuousCopyright©Allyn&Bacon2007ContextsofDevelopmentUniquecombin

4、ationsof:GeneticsEnvironmentCanresultindifferentpathsofdevelopmentCopyright©Allyn&Bacon2007BasicIssues:NatureandNurtureNatureInborn,biologicalgivensBasedongeneticinheritanceNurturePhysicalandsocialworldInfluencebiologicalandpsychologicaldevelopmentCopyright©Allyn&Bacon2007StabilityandPlastic

5、ityStabilityIndividualshighorlowinacharacteristicremainsoatlateragesEarlyexperiencemayhavelifelongimpactPlasticityChangeispossible,basedonexperiencesCopyright©Allyn&Bacon2007DevelopmentasaDynamicSystemPerpetuallyongoingprocessConceptiontoDeathInfluencesondevelopmentBiologicalPsychologicalSoc

6、ialCopyright©Allyn&Bacon2007LifespanPerspectiveDevelopmentasLifelongMultidimensionalandmultidirectionalHighlyplasticInfluencedbymultipleforcesCopyright©Allyn&Bacon2007PeriodsofDevelopmentPrenatalConceptiontobirthInfancyandToddlerhoodBirthto2yearsEarlyChildhood2to6yearsMiddleChildhood6to11year

7、sAdolescence11to18yearsEarlyAdulthood18to40yearsMiddleAdulthood40to65yearsLateAdulthood65yearstodeathCopyright©Allyn&Bacon2007InfluencesonDevelopmentAge-GradedHistory-GradedNonnormativeCopyright©Allyn&Bacon2007LifespanViewofDevelopmentCopyri