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1、ImportsandExportsUnitSixIntroductionWhetheryouareabusinessmenornot,youhavesomebusinessdealingeveryday.Maybeyoudon’tbelievethis,butit’strue.Weareallpartofthisbusinessworldandinvolvedinthebusinessactivitiesinsomeway.TextExercisesRelatedTechnicalTermsGrammar1Economicact
2、ivitybeganwiththecaveman,whowaseconomicallyself-sufficient.Hedidhisownhunting,foundhisownshelter,andprovidedforhisownneeds.Asprimitivepopulationsgrewanddeveloped,theprincipleofdivisionoflaborevolved.Onpersonwasmoreabletoperformcertainactivitiesthananother,andtherefor
3、eeachpersonconcentratedonwhathedidbest.Whileonehunted,anotherfished.Thehunterthentradedhissurplustothefisherman,andthuseachbenefitedfromthevarietyofdiet.Text2Intoday’scomplexeconomicworld,neitherindividualsnornationsareself-sufficient.Nationshaveutilizeddifferentecon
4、omicresources;peoplehavedevelopeddifferentskills.Thisisthefoundationofworldtradeandeconomicactivity.Asaresultofthistradeandactivity,internationalfinanceandbankinghaveevolved.Text3Forexample,theUnitedStatesisamajorconsumerofcoffee,yetitdoesnothavetheclimatetogrowanyof
5、itsown.Consequently,theUnitedStatesmustimportcoffeefromcountries(suchasBrazil,Colombia,andGuatemala)thatgrowcoffeeefficiently.Ontheotherhand,theUnitedStateshaslargeindustrialplantscapableofproducingavarietyofgoods,suchaschemicalsandairplanes,whichcanbesoldtonationsth
6、atneedthem.TextText3Ifnationstradeditemforitem,suchasoneautomobilefor10,000bagsofcoffee,foreigntradewouldbeextremelycumbersomeandrestrictive.Soinsteadofbarter,whichisthetradeofgoodswithoutanexchangeofmoney,theUnitedstatesreceivesmoneyinpaymentforwhatitsells.Itpaysfor
7、Braziliancoffeewithdollars,whichBrazilcanthenusetobuywoolfromAustralia,whichinturncanbuytextilesfromGreatBritain,whichcanthenbuytobaccofromtheUnitedStates.4Foreigntrade,theexchangeofgoodsbetweennations,takesplaceformanyreasons.Thefirst,asmentionedabove,isthatnonation
8、hasallofthecommoditiesthatitneeds.Rawmaterialsarescatteredaroundtheworld.LargedepositsofcopperareminedinPeruandZaire,diamondsaremin
