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1、UnitThreeIMFataGlanceIntroductionInthesummerof1944,theUnitedStatesgovernmentcalledforconferencecalledUnitedNationsMonetaryandFinancialConferenceinhistory,wheretheBrettonWoodsAgreementwasreached,namely,IMFagreement.Thewesternindustrializednationsrealizedthatforeigntradewouldbenecess
2、arytoquicklyandeffectivelyhealthewoundsofwar.Inordertocreateacalmandstableforeignexchangemarket,officialsfromforty-fivenationsassembledforahistoricmeetingatBrettonWoodsNewHampshireintheUnitedStates.Inourdailylife,wemeetvariouskindsofadvertisementseveryday.Theyhavebecomeanimportantp
3、artofourlivesandeconomy.It’sdifficulttosaywhetheradsplaygoodorbadrolesinourlives.TextExercisesRelatedTechnicalTermsGrammar1TheInternationalMonetaryFund(IMF)cameintoofficialexistenceonDecember27,1945,when29countriessigneditsArticlesofAgreementataconferenceheldinBrettonWoods,NewHamps
4、hire,USA,fromJuly1-22,1944.TheIMFbeganfinancialoperationsonMarch1,1947.CurrentMembership:182countriesStaff:Approximately2,600from110countriesTextManagingDirector:MichelCamdessusassumedofficein1987GoverningBodies:BoardofGovernors,InterimCommittee,ExecutiveBoardTotalQuotas:SDR145bill
5、ion(US$195billion)AccountingUnit:SpecialDrawingRight(SDR).AsofSeptember10,1998,SDR1equaledUS$1.36163.TextTextStatutoryPurpose2TheIMFwascreatedtopromoteinternationalmonetarycooperation;tofacilitatetheexpansionandbalancedgrowthofinternationaltrade;topromoteexchangestability;toassisti
6、ntheestablishmentofamultilateralsystemofpayments;tomakeitsgeneralresourcestemporarilyavailabletoitsmembersexperiencingbalanceofpaymentsdifficultiesunderadequatesafeguards;andtoshortenthedurationandlessenthedegreeofdisequilibriumintheinternationalbalancesofpaymentsofmembers.TextHowt
7、heIMFCameAbout3TheInternationalMonetaryFund(IMForFund)andtheInternationalBankforReconstructionandDevelopment(IBRDorWorldBank)werebothestablishedattheUnitedNationsMonetaryandFinancialConference,heldatBrettonWoods,NewHampshire,onJuly1-22,1944.Thetwowerecreatedtooverseestabilityininte
8、rnationalmonetaryaffairsan
