研究生英语Unit Five

《研究生英语Unit Five》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。

1、FALSITYANDFAILURESomeWell-knownFraudsorPlagiarismsinRecentYears1974WilliamSummerlin“ThePatchworkMouse”—Heclaimedthathecouldtransplanttissuefromunrelatedanimalsbykeepingthetissueincultureforfourtosixweeks.Heusedwhitemicewithpatchesofblackfurwhichhehadcoloredwithablackpermanentmarker,butlaterpeopl

2、efoundthathepaintedthemice.TextanalysisPartdivisionandmainideas1-2Thefactoffraudulentresearchhasdrawnmuchattentionrecently.3-4Instancesoffraudulentresearchbothtodayandyesterdaymayseemtobeaconstantlyspreadingblotontherecordofscienceanddodamagetopublicconfidenceinthescientificmethod.5-6Fraudinscien

3、tificresearchwillinevitablyleadtofailure.7-8ThepapersinNaturecanserveasexamplesofhowtheself-monitoringsystemofscientificresearchisworking.9Thereisnoneedtoworryaboutfraudulentresearch.Scanthetexttofindoutphrasesorexpressions,whicharerelatedtoeither“unethicalresearchbehavior”or“fakeddata”inbothPart

4、1andPart2.ScanningPara1.fraud,plagiarism,fudgingofdata2.falsificationofresearch,deliberatemistruth3.fraudulentresearch,cheating,bogusdata4.falsehood,bentscience,falsifiedsynthesis,fabrication5.faketheresult,fakeddata,cookedhisdata,plagiarizesomeoneelse’sdataScanningInpart2,theauthoruseslotsofexam

5、plestoillustratehispoints.Findalltheexamplesusedinthispart,accordingtotheirchronologicalorder.1.secondcenturyADPtolemyhisunearthlydataestablishingthesun’smovementaroundtheearth2.seventeenth-centuryNewtonsupposedexampleoffudginginNewton’scalculations3.onehundredyearsagoMendelsmallquestionsaboutthe

6、perfectionofhisclassicalgeneralizationsaboutplantgenetics4.inthe1930sCyrilBurtfakeddataontheinheritanceofintelligenceinidenticaltwins5.twentyyearsagoapostdoctoralstudentattheRockefellerInstitutethefalsifiedsynthesisofacellularprotein6.in1974atSloan-Ketteringskin-graftfabricationLanguagepointsemin

7、ent:adj.1.toweringorstandingoutaboveothers;prominentThegroupofadventurersdecidednottoabandontheclimbingofthiseminentpeakjustbecauseofadverseweatherconditions.2.ofhighrank,station,orquality;noteworthyAlltheeminentmember