生物科技概论

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1、IntroductiontoBiologicalScience生物科技概論By:ChungW.Wu,M.S.,R.PhExt:---5213AncientBiologicalScience1.FoodPreparationBeer,Cheese2.FermentationMicrobialFood--------------Perfume3.AlcoholFermentationDistillationAlcoholConcentration1stWorldWarGermanyGlucose---------GlycerolB

2、ritishSugar---------------------Acetone+ButanolClostridiumacetobutylicumCarbonDioxideHydrogenGas:Explosive2ndWorldWar1940FlemingPenicilliumnotatumPenicillin:BroadSpectrumAntibiotic2mg/lPenicilliumchrysogenumUV,X-Ray—Mutation20mg/lStreptomycesgriseusStretomycinGeneti

3、cEngineeringDNARecombinationRecombinantDeoxyribonucleicAcidChemicalComposition1.Phosphate2.Pentose3.NitrogenousBaseAdenineThymineCytosineGuaninePrinciplesofDNARecombinantDNASectioncan’tReplicatebyitself.1.CloningVector具有複製起始能力之載體2.Plasmid能獨立複製之環狀DNA分子3.RestrictionEn

4、donuclease(DNase)RecognitionSite4.StickyEndsExpressionofClonedGenes1.Transcription2.Translation3.Post-TranslationTheMolecularBasisofHeredity:DNA&RNANuclearComponentsDNA→Transcription→RNA→Translation→AminoAcids→Polypeptide→ProteinsRNA:SingleStrandAdenine,Uracil,Cytos

5、ine,GuaninemRNAtRNArRNADNATranscription1.DuplexDNASeperation→2SingleDNAStrandsExposingtheNitrogenousBaseSequencesOnlyOneofthe2DNAStrands,WhichServesasATemplate,orPattern(Gene),fortheSynthesisofRNA.2.ComplementaryTTTTCTAAACGTAAAAGATTTGCAmRNAUUUUCUAAACGU4x4x4=6464Poss

6、ible3-LetterWordsTranslationProteinSynthesis20WordsintheFormof20CommonA.A.EachTripletCodesforanAminoAcidsRibosome:SynthesisofProteinCellularOrganellethatServesastheMeetingPlaceformRNAandtRNAthatcarryA.A.toFormPeptideUUUUCUAAACGUPhe--Ser--Lys—ArgWhatisGeneCloning?Ins

7、ertDNAFragmenttoCircleDNAMolecule------ChimeraRecombinantDNAPCR:PolymeraseChainReaction1995KaryMullis1.DenaturationofDNA94C2.AnnealingofthePrimers(Oligonucleotides)50---60C3.SynthesisofNewDNA74C4.RenaturationofDNARepeattheCycle25-30TimesGeneIsolationbyCloning1.DNAFr

8、agments2.ConstructRecombinantDNA3.IntroduceintoBacteria4.PlateOut5.EachColonycontainsMultipleCopiesofjustoneGeneIsolationbyPCR1.Polymerase