英国历史文化概况UNIT1OriginandHistory

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1、OriginandHistoryUnit1CONTENTSTeachingAimsTextATextBSupplementaryReadingTEACHINGAIMS:Afterstudyingthisunit,youarerequiredto:HaveageneralideaoforiginandhistoryoftheUK.2.Understandtheoriginandhistory.3.Masterthedifficultwordsandexpressions.TextATheOriginandHistoryoftheUKTextAPreview:英国历史是一部征服和合并的

2、历史。英国全称为大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国（theUntiedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland）。国土大不列颠岛上的英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和爱尔兰岛上的北爱尔兰四部分和众多小岛组成，而整个英国的历史也就是由这四个区域的历史交织组成。1535年威尔士成为英格兰王国的一部分，1707年苏格兰与英格兰正式合并为大不列颠王国，1800年大不列颠王国和爱尔兰合并成为大不列颠与爱尔兰联合王国，1922年爱尔兰共和国独立，爱尔兰北部仍留在联合王国内。TextAReadingComprehension:Decidewhetherthefollowing

3、statementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)accordingtothepassage.1.JuliusCaesaroftheRomanRepubliconceattemptedtoinvadein55BC;althoughlargelyunsuccessful,hemanagedtosetupaclientking.()2.Christianitywasfirstintroducedaround43ADbytheRomans.()3.TheNormanconquestofEnglandaccomplishedbyanarmyledbyDukeWilliamofNo

4、rmandyoccurredin1066,whichhadaprofoundandpermanenteffectontheEnglishlanguage.()TextAReadingComprehension:4.TheBlackDeathepidemichitEngland,startingin1348,iteventuallykilleduptotwothirdsofEngland'sinhabitants.()5.Overissuesrelatingtodivorce,HenryVIIIbrokefromcommunionwiththeCatholicChurchprocla

5、imedhimselftheheadoftheChurchofEngland.()6.DuringtheElizabethanperiod,anEnglishfleetdefeatedaninvadingDutchArmada.()7.ItwasnowconstitutionallyestablishedthatKingandParliamentshouldruletogether,andKinghavetherealpower.()TextAReadingComprehension:8.IndustrialRevolutionwasaperiodofprofoundchangei

6、nthesocioeconomicandculturalconditionsofEngland.()9.AlthoughNapoleonplannedtoinvadeEngland,itfailedandfosteredaconceptofaunitednationalBritishpeople,sharedwiththeScotsandWelsh.()10.IntheWorldWarI,theUnitedKingdomwasaspartoftheAllies,whileinWorldWarII,itwasnot.()TextANotes:1.TheNormanconquestof

7、Englandbeganon28September1066withtheinvasionofEnglandbyWilliam,DukeofNormandy,whobecameknownasWilliamtheConquerorafterhisvictoryattheBattleofHastingson14October1066,defeatingthekingHaroldIIofEngland.TheNormanconquestwasapivotaleventinEn