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时间:2019-10-08
《火龙果溃疡病的症状观察和病原菌鉴定_张荣》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、果树学报2013,30(5):854~856JournalofFruitScience火龙果溃疡病的症状观察和病原菌鉴定11*112321张荣,刘爱媛,白成艳,刘成明,罗笑容,姜峰,梁瑞伟,郑红莉(1华南农业大学园艺学院,广州510642;2清远市大丰果业有限公司,广东清远511500;3华南农业大学发展规划处,广州510642)摘要:【目的】2012年广东省清远市火龙果种植区爆发一种病害,株发病率高达60%,对火龙果茎和果实造成极大危害,为识别和控制该病害的发生,进行了该项研究。【方法】采用常规植物病理学方法观察病害症
2、状,鉴定病害的病原菌。【结果】发病初期,受侵染的肉质茎和果实出现圆形凹陷褪绿病斑,病斑逐渐变成橘黄色;发病后期,受侵染部位呈灰白色突起,产生黑色分生孢子器,病斑直径可扩展到0.5cm。从病组织中分离出的病原菌,在PDA培养基上生长的菌落由白色逐渐转为黑绿色,产生具0~2个隔膜的节孢子,节孢子无色到浅褐色,杆状、柱状或腰鼓状;节孢子细胞壁加厚,形成深褐色,球形厚垣孢子;在马尾松(Casuarinaequisetifolia)水琼脂培养基中,可产生黑色分生孢子器,分生孢子器遇水喷射出分生孢子,产孢细胞无色桶形,分生孢子卵圆形
3、,无色单孢,大小(13.31±1.42)μm×(5.4±0.35)μm。【结论】经鉴定该病原菌为Neoscytalidiumdimidiatum,导致火龙果肉质茎和果实溃疡。关键词:火龙果;溃疡病;Neoscytalidiumdimidiatum中图分类号:S667.9文献标志码:A文章编号:1009-9980(2013)05-0854-03Symptomobservationandpathogenidentificationoncankerdiseaseofpitaya11*1123ZHANGRong,LIUAi-yu
4、an,BAICheng-yan,LIUCheng-ming,LUOXiao-rong,JIANGFeng,21LIANGRui-wei,ZHENGHong-li(1CollegeofHorticulture2,SouthChinaAgriculturalUniversity,Guangzhou,Guangdong510642;QingyuanDafengFruitIndustryCo.,Ltd,Qingyuan3,Guangdong511500;OfficeofDevelopmentandPlanning,SouthCh
5、inaAgriculturalUniversity,Guangzhou,Guangdong510642)Abstract:【Objective】CankerdiseaseofpitayaexpandedquicklyinmostcommercialplantingareasofQingyuancityinGuangdong,whereincidencerateofthediseasereachedashighas60%in2012.Theobjectiveofthestudywastoidentifyandcontrol
6、thedisease.【Method】Thesymptomsweredescribed,thepathogenwasidentifiedbyusingphytopathologicalresearchmethods.【Result】Theresultsshowedthatsymptomsonthestemandfruitweresmall,circular,sunken,chloroticspotsatearlyinfectionandthendevelopedintocankers.Inlateinfectionper
7、iod,blackpycnidiawereerumpentfromthesurfaceofthecankers.Diseasespotsenlargedastheymaturedtoamaximumof0.5cmindiameter.Colonychangesfromwhite,sparse,radialexpansiontoblack-greenwithlongandsparseaerialmyceliumonPDA.Hyphaedisarticulatedintocylindrical-truncate,oblong
8、-obtusetodolioform,0-to-2-septatearthrospores,whichdevelopedfromhyalinetobrown.Brownandglobosechlamydosporeswereproduced.Subconicalandblackpycnidiawereinducedb
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