九年级英语上册 定语从句精讲精练 外研版

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1、定语从句一．定语从句：在复合句中修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。Thisisthebook(that/whichIboughtyesterday).被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词.定语从句必须放在先行词之后.引导定语从句的词叫关系词.关系词分关系代词(who,that,whom,which,whose)和关系副词(when,where,why).定语从句分限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句（非限定性定语从句用逗号和先行词隔开.Thetree,whichis400yearsold,isveryfamoushere.）.二．关系代词在定语从句中代替先行

2、词作主语，宾语或定语。1.先行词是“人”时，用who(作主语或宾语)或that(作主语或宾语)或whom(作宾语)引导定语从句.Thisisthethief(who/thatstolemybike).Isthisthedoctor(who/whom/thatyoutalkedwithyesterday)?Isthisthedoctor(withwhomyoutalkedyesterday)?2.先行词是“物”时，用“which”（作主语或宾语）或“that”(作主语或宾语)引导定语从句。Thisisthehouse(which/thatweusedtolive

3、in).Thisisthehouse(inwhichweusedtolive)Thisisthehouse(whereweusedtolive)3.先行词无论是“人”还是“物”，只要是作定语就用“whose”引导定语从句.Thegirl(whosemotherisadoctor)iswaitingforyou.Pleasepassmethebook(whosecoverisred)三．关系副词在定语从句中代替先行词作状语。1.先行词是“时间”用“when”引导定语从句.Iwillneverforgettheday(whenIjoinedthearmy)onwh

4、ich2.先行词是“地点”用“where”引导定语从句.Thisistheschool(whereIusedtostudy)(inwhichIusedtostudy)(which/thatIusedtostudyin)3.先行词是“原因”用“why”引导定语从句.Thepolicehavefoundoutthereason(whytheaccidenthappened)forwhich四．只用that引导的定语从句.1.先行词是不定代词“物”时All(thatisneeded)isbooks.Hedideverything(thathecan)tohelpth

5、eoldman。2.先行词前有“序数词，形容词最高级，theonly”等词修饰时ThefirstEnglishbook(thatIread)isHarryPotter.Thisisthemostpopularfilm(thatIhaveeverseen)9Youaretheonlyfriend(thatIknow)1.先行词既有人又有物时Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools(thathevisited)五．只用who引导的定语从句.先行词是不定代词“人”时Anyone(whohasnevermadeamistake)hasnev

6、ertriedanythingnew.六．只用which引导的定语从句.1.先行词是“物”时，介词后用whichWedependontheland(fromwhichwegetourfood.)2.非限定性定语从句TheGreatWall,whichisthousandsofyearsold,isfamousallovertheworld.七．注意几个方面1.关系代词在定语从句中作宾语可以省略2.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词取决于先行词。定语从句的时态取决于主句。Noteveryone(wholikessports)likesoutdoor

7、sportsWearesupposedtohelppeople(who/thatareintrouble)3.先行词是“物”时，介词后用which,先行词是“人”时，介词后用who.介词+which=when/wherefor+which=why2.如何判断介词？（1）根据先行词判断，所用介词与先行词搭配Thisisourclassroom(inthefrontofwhichthereisateacher’sdesk.)（2）看定语从句动词与介词的搭配.Doyouknowtheman_______?A.towhomIspokeB.towhospokeC.Isp

8、okeD.thatIspoke（3）看