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1、2015届高三第12次考试英语试卷第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）AAyoungmannamedCharlesLyellhaddifferentideas.HewroteabookaboutthemcalledPrinciplesofGeology（地质学）.Theearth,accordingtoLyelhwasnotonlythousandsofyearsold,itwasmillionsofyearsold.Asto（关于）thecommonbel
2、iefthatchangesintheearth'ssurfacehappensuddenlybecauseofasingleearthquakeorflood,hesaidthatthismighthappenonceinawhile,butusuallythesechangestookplaceveryslowly.Hebelievedthatthesurfaceoftheearthhadbeenchangingfromthebeginningoftime.Thechanges,hesaid,werecausedbythelong-termactionofth
3、ewindsandseas,andbyforcessuchasvolcanoesbreakingoutundertheearth'ssurface.Onceinagreatwhilehethought,amountainmightappearforthefirsttimeafteranearthquake.Butusuallymountainswouldriseslowlyandsteadily.ProfessorHenslowwasinterestedinLyelTsideas,buthedidnotactuallybelievethem.CharlesDarw
4、incouldnotmakeuphismindaboutthem.Buttheysethimthinkingalonglineswhichwouldlaterchangethebeliefsofthoughtfulpeopleallovertheworld・7AtCambridge,CharlesDarwinstudiedjustenoughtopasstheexamination,andreceivedhiscollegedegreein1831.Duringthistime，hehadbecomemoreandmoreinterestedingeology-A
5、ttheendoftheschoolyear,hewenttoNorthWaleswithoneofhisteacherstoexaminetherockformations（构成）andtosearchforfossils（化石）.Fossilsaretheremainsofancientlivingthings-Theyareusuallyfoundfixedinrocksintheearth'scrust（地壳）.Fossilsmaybeofanimals,suchasfish,insects,birds,orhumans.Theymaybeofplants
6、fromtinyleavestohugetrees.Whenalivingcreaturedies,itusuallydecays（腐烂）oriseatenbyanimals.However,ifitsinksintoariverbed（）可床）orisquicklycoveredbytheblowingsandsofadesertstorm,thebonesarekeptupintheearth.Overmanyyearsthesoftinnerpartsofabonedisappear,leavingtheinsidehollow（空白勺）.Watercont
7、ainingmineralentersintothehollow.Slowlythemineralhardensandmakesthebonehardandheavy,likestone.1.AccordingtoCharlesLyell，itismainlythattheearthhasbeenformedliketoday'sshape・A.fromthebeginningoftimeB.pastsomeexperiencesofbigfloodC・overaverylongperiodofyearsD・becauseofseveralbigearthquak
8、es2.C
