美国历史文化概况（英文版）UNIT15ReligionsandFaith

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1、Unit15ReligionsandFaithCONTENTSTeachingAimsTextATextBSupplementingReadingTEACHINGAIMSAfterstudyingthisunit,youarerequiredto:1.HaveageneralideaofReligionsandFaith.2.UnderstandthehistoryofReligionsandFaith.3.Masterthedifficultwordsandexpressions.TextAAmericaDuringandAfterWorldWarIT

2、EXTAPreview清教，基督教新教派别之一，16世纪出现于英国,承认《圣经》为唯一权威，反对国王和天主教的专制。1620年，102名清教徒乘坐著名的五月花号（Mayflower）来到美洲的普利茅斯建立殖民地，他们是英国第一批的新大陆移民，是未来150年后美国大多数人民的祖先，他们在旅途中签署的《五月花号公约》成为了未来《独立宣言》的蓝图。清教徒提倡勤俭清洁的生活，希望在新大陆上建造自己的山巅之城。同时，他们的思想即清教主义也对北美殖民地的政治、经济、文化等方方面面产生了深远影响并对后来美国主流文化和价值观的形成起到了重要作用。TEXTAReading

3、ComprehensionReadthefollowingsentencesanddecidewhethertheyaretrue（T)orfalse（F)．1.PuritanswereEnglishProtestantswhowishedtoreformandpurifytheChurchofScotlandofwhattheyconsideredtobeunacceptableresiduesofRomanCatholicism.2.Puritanmarriagechoiceswereinfluencedbyyoungpeople’sinclinat

4、ion,byparents,andbythesocialrankofthepersonsinvolved.3.JohnWinthropin1630hadclaimedthatthesocietytheywouldforminNewEnglandwouldbe"asacityuponahill";andthecolonyleaderswouldeducateallTEXTAReadingComprehension4.Readingschoolswouldoftenbethesinglesourceofeducationforboys,whereasgirl

5、swouldgotothetowngrammarschools.5.InHellfireNation,JamesMoronesuggeststhatsomeopposingtendencieswithinPuritanism—itsdesiretocreateajustsocietyanditsmoralfervorinbringingaboutthatjustsociety,whichsometimescreatedparanoiaandintoleranceforotherviews—areattherootofAmerica'scurrentpol

6、iticallandscape.TEXTANotes1.TheChurchofEnglandistheofficiallyestablishedChristianchurchinEngland,theMotherChurchoftheworldwideAnglicanCommunionandtheoldestamongthecommunion'sthirty-eightindependentnationalandregionalchurches.TheChurchalsoextendstotheIsleofManviatheDioceseofSodora

7、ndMan,whiletheChannelIslandsformpartoftheDioceseofWinchester,andanumberofAnglicancommunitiesincontinentalEurope,theformerSovietUnion,TurkeyandMoroccoareformedintotheDioceseofGibraltarinEurope.TEXTANotes2.TheCatholicChurch,alsoknownastheRomanCatholicChurch,istheworld'slargestChris

8、tianchurch,withmorethanabillionmembers.I