Guidelines on Male Hypogonadism

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1、GuidelinesonmalehypogonadismXieshao-feng2021/10/1GuidelinesonmalehypogonadismEuropeanAssociationofUrology2012G.R.Dohle,S.Arver,C.Bettocchi,S.Kliesch,M.Punab,W.deRonde2021/10/1IntroductionAetiologyandformsDiagnosisTreatmentChoiceoftreatmentMainTopics2021/10/1Introduc

2、tionAetiologyandformsDiagnosisTreatmentChoiceoftreatmentMainTopics2021/10/1Malehypogonadismisaclinicalsyndromecausedbyandrogendeficiency.Itmayadverselyaffectmultipleorganfunctionsandqualityoflife.Androgensplayacrucialroleinthedevelopmentandmaintenanceofmalereproduct

3、iveandsexualfunctions.2021/10/1IntroductionLowlevelsofcirculatingandrogenscancausedisturbancesinmalesexualdevelopment,resultingincongenitalabnormalitiesofthemalereproductivetract.Laterinlife,thismaycausereducedfertility,sexualdysfunction,decreasedmuscleformationandb

4、onemineralisation,disturbancesoffatmetabolism,andcognitivedysfunction.2021/10/1IntroductionTestosteronelevelsdecreaseasaprocessofageing:signsandsymptomscausedbythisdeclinecanbeconsideredanormalpartofageingLowtestosteronelevelsarealsoassociatedwithseveralchronicdisea

5、sesSymptomaticpatientsmaybenefitfromtestosteronetreatment2021/10/1IntroductionAndrogendeficiencyincreaseswithage;anannualdeclineincirculatingtestosteroneof0.4-2.0%hasbeenreportedInmiddle-agedmen,theincidencewasfoundtobe6%Moreprevalentinoldermen,inmenwithobesity,thos

6、ewithco-morbidities,andinmenwithapoorhealthstatus2021/10/1IntroductionIntroductionAetiologyandformsDiagnosisTreatmentChoiceoftreatmentMainTopics2021/10/1Thehypothalamic-pituitary-testesaxisPrimaryformscausedbytesticularinsufficiencySecondaryformscausedbyhypothalamic

7、-pituitarydysfunctionLateonsethypogonadismDuetoandrogenreceptorinsensitivity.2021/10/1AetiologyandformsPrimaryforms(testicularinsufficiency)CongenitalformsKlinefeltersyndromeTesticulardysgenesis(cryptorchidism)CongenitalanorchiaAcquiredformsTesticularmalignancyOrchi

8、tisMedications(chemotherapy)SystemicdiseasesAcquiredanorchia2021/10/1DifferentformsandmaincausesSecondaryforms(hypothalamic-pituitaryDysfu