Hypogonadism

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1、Hypogonadism    Hypogonadismoccurswhenthebody'ssexglandsproducelittleornohormones.Inmen,theseglands(gonads)arethetestes.Inwomen,theseglandsaretheovaries.CausesThecauseofhypogonadismcanbeprimaryorcentral.Inprimaryhypogonadism,theovariesortestesthemselvesdonotfunctionproperly.Causesofprimaryhypogonadi

2、sminclude:·Certain autoimmunedisorders·Geneticanddevelopmentaldisorders·Infection·Liverandkidneydisease·Radiation·SurgeryThemostcommongeneticdisordersthatcauseprimaryhypogonadismare Turnersyndrome (inwomen)and Klinefeltersyndrome (inmen).Ifyoualreadyhaveotherautoimmunedisordersyoumaybeathigherriskof

3、autoimmunedamagetothegonads.Thesecanincludedisordersthataffecttheliverandadrenalandthyroidglandsaswellastype1diabetes.Incentralhypogonadism,thecentersinthebrainthatcontrolthegonads(hypothalamusandpituitary)donotfunctionproperly.Causesofcentralhypogonadisminclude:·Anorexianervosa·Bleedingintheareaoft

4、hepituitary·Takingmedicines,suchasglucocorticoidsandopiates·Stoppinganabolicsteriods·Geneticproblems·Infections·Nutritionaldeficiencies·Ironexcess(hemochromatosis)·Radiation·Rapid,significantweightloss(includingweightlossafterbariatricsurgery)·Surgery·Trauma·TumorsAgeneticcauseofcentralhypogonadismi

5、s Kallmannsyndrome.Manypeoplewiththisconditionalsohaveadecreasedsenseofsmell.SymptomsGirlswhohavehypogonadismwillnotbeginmenstruating.Hypogonadismcanaffecttheirbreastdevelopmentandheight.Ifhypogonadismoccursafterpuberty,symptomsinwomeninclude:·Hotflashes·Energyandmoodchanges·MenstruationstopsInboys,

6、hypogonadismaffectsmuscle,beard,genitalandvoicedevelopment.Italsoleadstogrowthproblems.Inmenthesymptomsare:·Breastenlargement·Muscleloss·Decreasedinterestinsex(lowlibido)Ifapituitaryorotherbraintumorispresent(centralhypogonadism),theremaybe:·Headachesorvisionloss·Milkybreastdischarge(fromaprolactino

7、ma)·Symptomsofotherhormonaldeficiencies(suchas hypothyroidism)Themostcommontumorsaffectingthepituitaryarecraniopharyngiomainchildrenandprolactinomaadenomasinadults.ExamsandTestsYoumayneedtohaveteststo