定语从句知识结构图

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1、语法专题五：定语从句I定语从句在复合句中作定语，由关系代词和关系副词引导，被修饰的词为先行词。I一.关系代词的用法指代对彖人事物人+事物主格who/thatwhich/thatthat宾格who/that/whomwhich/thatthat所有格Whosewhose/ofwhich注意1.只用that不用which•⑴介词+which+从句，在此结构中因介词提前不能用that代替which,当介词不提前时方可。此结构可用关系副词代替“介词+which”，如:Thechaironwhichshesatismadeofwood・Th

2、echairwhich/thatshesatonismadeofwood.•(2)先行词本身是that/thoseWhafsthatwhichflashedintheskyjustnow2•关系代词只能用tha啲情况•(1)先行词为“all”,"everything"，“nothing”,“little”,“much”等不定代词。•eg.Thereissomethingthatyoucanborrow.•(2)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰。•eg.Thisistheveryplacet

3、hatIwanttofind.•Thelastplacethatwevisitedwasafactory.•(3)先行词被形容词的最高级修饰。•eg.ThisisthebestbookthatIhaveeverread・•(4)先行词为两种或两种以上不同的事物。先行词若为分别表示人和事物的名词，也只能用that引导定语从句。•eg.ShegavemesomebooksandapenthatIneed・•(5)先行词被序数词修饰。•eg.ThisisthesecondarticlethatIwroteinEnglish・•(6)主句

4、是以who或which开头的特殊问句时。•eg.Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthedoor?3.as引导的定语从句（1）as做关系代词、关系副词引导限制性定语从句，在从句中充当主语、表语、状语，常使用的有以下结构：thesame.・.as,such...as,asmany...as,asmuch...as,as...aso•HeboughtsuchabookasIhave.（as做宾语）•YoushoulddoitthesamewayasIdid.（as做状语）厂（2）as引导非限制性定语从句,常见

5、习语：•asanybodycansee（止如人人都能看到的那样）•asweallknow（众所周知）•asisknowntoall（众所周知）•aswehadexpected（正如我们预料的那样）•asisreportedinthenewspaper（正如报纸报道的那样）•asisoftenthecase（正如经常发生的那样二••关系副词的用法关系副词when,where,why分别表示时间、地点、原因，在从句中作状语，其先行词一般是分别表示时间、地点、原因的名词。/A•I'lltellyouthetimewhenIreachyo

6、urschool.•Thereasonwhyhedidn'tcomeisthathewasill.•Thereasonwhyyoufailedisclear.•Thisistheroomwheretheyheldthemeeting.•IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheparty.•Thereasonwhyhedidn'tcomeisthathecaughtafever.V丿三、“介词+关系代1.介词的确定应依据定语从句中短语的习惯性搭配2.介词常受先行词的制约（即介词和先行词的搭配）•eg

7、.Whoisthegirlwithwhomyoushookhands?（shakehandswith…习惯性搭配）/、•eg.Hebuiltatelescopethroughwhichhecouldstudytheskies.（throughwhich即throughthetelescope）3.当关系代词作“动词+介词”固定短语的宾语时，此时因定短语中的介词不能拆开移到关系代词前•eg.Thisisthewatchwhichyouarelookingfor./Heisakindofmanwhomyoucansafelydepen

8、don.四，几个特殊词后的定语从句which9I^HKere，insi/ionwhte/inwhichyoucanusetheword?2.way（方式，方法）后常用in•Doyouknowtheway（inwhich或that或how引导定语wh