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1、定语从句知识结构图解概念：定语可以由形容词,名词,代词,分词,不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来充当，充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。①指人的先行词⒈先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词②指物的先行词★先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。Hehaspassedthedrivingtest,whichsurprisesallofus.(which替代前面所叙述的事情)先行词①替代前面的先行词（替代作用）关系词的作用②连接主句和定语从句（连接作用）③在定语从句中作句子成分（成分作用）定语从句“三要素”⒉关系词:引导定语的词标准:根
2、据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类关系词的分类关系代词：在从句中做主,宾，表，定（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）关系副词：在从句中作状语(When/where/why)⒊定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子。①限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。定Heisateacherwhoworksatourschool.定语从句的分类②非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)语Beijing,whichisthecapitalofChina,isabeautifulcitywitha
3、longhistory.比较:Hehastwosons,whoworkinthesamecompany.(Hehasonlytwosons.)从Hehastwosonswhoworkinthesamecompany.(Perhapshehastwomoresons)句①关系代词在定语从句中作宾语Sheisthegirl(whom/that)Ilovedbefore.(可以省略whom/that)②关系代词在定语从句中作表语⒈关系代词的省略Heisnolongertheboy(that)heusedtobe.(可以省略that)限定性定语从句③
4、关系代词作介词宾语，介词在从句句尾时可以省略Housingpriceisaproblem(that/which)peopleareinterestedin.比较:Housingpriceisaprobleminwhichpeopleareinterested.（此时只能用which且不能省略）①以疑问词who开头的句子中定语从句几个难点Whoisthemanthatisshoutingthere?②关系代词在从句中作表语时用that的情况Sheisnotthegirlthatsheusedtobe.③先行词被thevery,theright,
5、theonly修饰Thisistheverypersonthatwearelookingfor.⒉先行词是人that/who的区别①先行词是one,ones,anybody,all,none,those等Thosewhowanttogotothecinemawillhavetowaitatthegateoftheschool.②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一用who的情况个用whoWhoistheboythatwonthegoldmedal?③在therebe结构中Therearemanyyoungmenwhoareagain
6、sthim.④在非限定性定语从句当中Tom,whoismybestfriend,hasgoneabroadtostudy.①在非限定性定语从句中.Shelostthegame,whichdepressedhergreatly.②关系词置于介词之后,作宾语.ThepenwithwhichyouwriteisJack’s.用which的情况③先行词是that或定语从句中套定语从句,一个关系词用that,另一个用which.LetmeshowyouthenovelthatIborrowedfromthelibrarywhichisnewlyopen
7、tous.①先行词是不定代词如all,little,few,much,⒊先行词是物anything,everything,nothing,none,noone等that/which的区别Shedidallthatshecouldtohelpus.②先行词被all,every,no,some,little,much,theonly,thevery,theright，thelast等所修饰时ThisistheverybookthatIwant.③先行词中既有人又有物时Shedescribedinhercompositionsthepeoplean
8、d用that的情况theplacesthatimpressedhermost.④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。ThisisthebestbookthatIh
