2020版高考英语一轮总复习课时作业38Unit3Inventorsandinventions（含解析）新人教版选修8

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1、课时作业　Ⅰ.阅读理解(2019·康杰中学高三调研)Foodstoringiscommoninmembersofthecrow(乌鸦)family.Anewstudytestedthebirdsoutsidethisnaturallyoccurringbehaviour,whichmayhaveevolved(进化)specificallybecauseitgivescrowsasurvivaladvantage.Somecrowspeciesareknowntonaturallyusetoolsto

2、recoverfood.Sotheresearcherstestedwhetherthebirdscouldstoreandrecoveratoolsotheycouldgetitattheirfoodafteragapof17hours—somethingwewouldn'texpectthemtodonaturally.Buttheywereabletoinstantlyselectthetooloutofanumberofunnecessaryitems.Inanotherexperiment,

3、theresearcherstaughtcrowstoselectatoken(礼品券)fromanumberofitemssothattheycouldthenexchangeforfood.Again,thebirdsthenshowedthattheycouldplanforthefutureusingthisnewbehaviour.Thisisdifferentfromallofthepreviousstudiesinfutureplanning,whichhavefocusedonnatu

4、rallyoccurringbehaviour.Forexample,weknowthatchimpanzeesselect,transportandsaveappropriatetoolsforfutureneeds.Thesestudieshaveshownthatanimalscanplanforthefuture—buttheyleftanimportantquestionopenfordebate.Areanimalsonlyabletoplantouseabilitiesthathavee

5、volvedtogivethemaspecificadvantage,orcantheyflexiblyandintelligentlyapplyplanningbehaviouracrossvariousactions?Mostcriticswouldsaytheformer,astheanimalsweretestedinnaturallyoccurringbehaviours.Butthenewresearchprovidesthefirstevidencethatanimalspeciesca

6、nplanforthefutureusingbehaviourthatdoesn'ttypicallyoccurinnature.Thissupportstheviewthatatleastsomecognitiveabilitiesinanimalsdon'tevolvejustinresponsetospecificproblems.Instead,itsuggeststhatanimalscanapplythesebehavioursflexiblyacrossproblemsinasimila

7、rwaytohumans.Weneedtoinvestigatehowflexiblebehaviourevolved.Thenwemightbeabletoseehowcrows'abilitytoplanforthefuturefitsinwiththeirbroadercognitivepowers.本文通过乌鸦，谈论有关动物的进化，但是目前还不清楚它们是怎样进化的。1．What'sthenewfindingaboutsomecrowsaccordingtoParagraph1?A．Theyca

8、nstorefood.B．Theycanusetoolstorecoverfood.C．Theycanstoreandrecovertools.D．Theycanselectandstorefood.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中Somecrowspeciesareknowntonaturallyusetoolstorecoverfood...Buttheywereabletoinstantlyselectthetooloutofanumbero