资源描述：
《2020版高考英语一轮总复习课时作业37Unit2Cloning（含解析）新人教版选修8》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、课时作业 Ⅰ.阅读理解(2019·烟台一中高三适应性考试)Chinabecamethefirstcountrytocloneamonkeyusingnonreproductivecells,reducingtheneedtobreedlabmonkeysandpavingthewayformoreaccurate,effectiveandaffordableanimaltestsfornewdrugs,scientistssaidonThursday.ByDecember,theInstituteofNeuros
2、cienceoftheChineseAcademyofScienceshadcreatedtwoclonemacaques(猕猴)named“ZhongZhong”and“HuaHua”bynucleartransferringofsomaticcells(体细胞)—anycellintheorganismotherthanreproductivecells.Tetra,amonkeybornin1999,istheworld'sfirstclonedmonkey,butitwasdonebyusingasimp
3、lermethodcalledembryosplitting(胚胎分割);butitcouldonlygeneratefourclonedoffspringatatimeandcannotbegeneticallychangedtosuittheexperimentalneed.Cloningamonkeyusingsomaticcellshasbeenaworldclasschallengebecauseitisaprimate(灵长类)thatsharesitsgeneticmakeup,andtherefo
4、reallofitscomplexity,withhumans.Fordrugandotherlabtests,scientistshavetopurchasemonkeysfromallovertheworld,whichiscostlyandbadfortheenvironment,andproducesinaccurateresultsbecauseeachmonkeymighthavedifferentgenes.Bycloningmonkeyusingsomaticcells,wecanmassivel
5、ycultivatelargenumbersofgeneticallyidenticaloffspringinashortamountoftime,andwecanevenchangetheirgenestosuitourneeds.Thiscansavetime,cutdownexperimentcosts,andproducemoreaccurateresults,leadingtomoreeffectivemedicine.SunQiang,directorofthenonhumanprimateresea
6、rchfacilityattheinstitute,saidmostofthedrugtrialsarecurrentlydoneonlabmice.However,drugsthatworkonmicemightnotworkorevenhaveseveresideeffectsonhumansbecausethetwospeciesaresodifferent.“Monkeysandhumansarebothprimates,sotheyaremuchcloselyrelatedandtestingonmon
7、keysissupposedtobeaseffectiveastestingonhumans，”hesaid.Thisisespeciallyusefulintestingdrugsforneural(神经的)diseasessuchasParkinson'sdisease,metabolicsyndrome(代谢综合征)andimmunesystemdiseases,andtumors,headded.“ThisachievementwillhelpChinaleadtheworldresearchinthei
8、nternationalscienceprojectsrelatedtoneuralmappingofprimatebrains，”hesaid.“However,biolabsfromtheUnitedStates,Japan,andEuropeancountriesarealsoverycapable,andtheywillquicklycatchupwithChin
