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时间:2019-09-21
《Petras and Morley - Imperialism and Intervention in the Third World - US Foreign Policy and C》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、IMPERIALISMANDINTERVENTIONINTHETHIRDWORLD:USFOREIGNPOLICYANDCENTRALAMERICAJamesF.PetrasandMorrisH.MorleyIntroduction:ImperialStateandImperialEconomyTounderstandUSforeignpolicy,andinparticularitsinterventionistcharacterinCentralAmerica,theCaribbeanandSouthAmerica,i
2、tisnecessarytoexaminetherelationshipbetweenthestateandthebanking,tradeandinvestmentintereststhatoperateabroad.ThecentralfactorwhichhasenabledthemassivegrowthofUScapitaloverseashasbeentheemergenceandconsolidationoftheUSstateasanimperialstate.Thelattercanbedefinedas
3、thoseexecutivebodiesoragencieschargedwithpromotingandprotectingtheexpansionofcapitalacrossstateboundariesbythemultinationalcorporations.TheUSimperialstateexercisesinter-relatedeconomic,coerciveandideologicalfunctionswhichoperatetofacilitatecapitalaccumulationandre
4、productiononaworldwidescale.Theeconomicapparatusincludesbothagenciesservingparticularformsofcapital(e.g.DepartmentofAgriculture)andagenciesperformingspecifictasksthatcutacrossthedifferentformsofcapital(e.g.TreasuryandCommerceDepartments)promotinginvestment,loansan
5、dtrade.TheDepartmentoftheTreasuryalsopursuesthelargerobjectiveinthemultilateraldevelopmentbanks(e.g.WorldBank,Inter-AmericanDevelop-mentBank,~nteriationalonettar^Fund)throughitsresponsibilityfirtheappointmentofUSrepresentativestothese'international'institutions.Th
6、ecoerciveapparatusincludesthearmedforces,theCentralIntelligenceAgencyandotherspecialisedintelligencebodies.TheideologicalapparatusservestopromotethelegitimacyofimperialactivitiesdirectlythroughtheUnitedStatesInformationAgencyandrelatedpropagandaarmsofthestateorthr
7、ough'sub-contracted'activitiesrelatedtothepracticesofun-officialgroups.1Theimperialstateprovidedthe'shell'withinwhichmultinationalcorporationsmovedaroundtheglobeafterWorldWarTwo.Throughmilitaryaidprogrammes,thecoerciveapparatusbuiltuptherepressiveinstitutionswhile
8、theeconomicagenciescreatedthenecessaryinfra-structuretofacilitateprofitableopportunitiesfortheprivatesector.Inotherwords,whileUSmultinationalsnowincreas
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